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Title: Sinclair, Thomas
Description: Thomas Sinclair, born in 1807 in the Orkney Islands (Northern Scotland), was one of the premier Philadelphia lithographers of the 19th-century, particularly in the field of chromolithography. Trained in lithography in Edinburgh, Sinclair immigrated to the United States ca. 1830. He worked in New York and Philadelphia, including drawing a dance lithograph for Philadelphia lithographers Kennedy and Lucas in 1833. In Philadelphia, he and his wife Magdalena (b. ca. 1808) had nine of their ten children as noted in the 1850 census. Firmly settled in Philadelphia in 1839, he worked at the lithographic shop of John Collins (79 South Third Street) before assuming the establishment in 1840. A practical lithographer throughout his career, Sinclair produced all genres of lithographs including maps, advertisements, city and landscape views, sheet music covers, portraiture, political cartoons, certificates, and book illustrations. During the 1840s, fashion advertisements for S. A. and A. F. Ward proved a steady commission., By the end of the 1840s, he started to experiment in color printing along with his premier rivals P. S. Duval and Wagner & McGuigan and won first and second premiums, respectively for this work, at the 1848 and 1849 Franklin Institute Exhibitions of American Manufactures. During the early 1850s, his professional success continued with a relocation of his shop to 101, i.e., 311 Chestnut Street (Public Ledger Building) in 1850; another first premium for chromolithography at the Franklin Institute Exhibition of American Manufactures in 1851; and an 1852 "Public Ledger" article describing a Masonic lodge certificate printed by him as bringing the "Lithographic Art to great perfection in this country." Shortly thereafter, his son William (b. ca. 1828) joined the firm and the establishment operated as Thomas Sinclair & Co. 1854-1859. During this time, Alphonse Bigot delineated their noted chromolithographed advertisement depicting the inventor of lithography, Alois Senefelder, in his study., In addition to chromolithography, Sinclair became particularly well-regarded for his illustrative work and received several commissions for illustrations for government, scientific and medical publications throughout the mid 19th century. He also was one of the more prolific Philadelphia lithographers of sheet music covers, including several depicting the built environment of Philadelphia such as "The Continental Schottisch" (1860) as well as worked with several respected lithographers, including Bigot, Francis Schell, and John T. French., During the 1860s, Sinclair continued as one of the premier Philadelphia lithographic firms. He chromolithographed three prominent views after James Queen of the Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon of Philadelphia (1861-1863) as well as the impressive "American Autumn, Starucca Valley" delineated by William Dreser after James Cropsey (1865). His success during the decade also allowed him to employ a servant in 1860 and 1870 (his personal estate valued at $10,000, $20,000 respectively); be taxed for income, a watch, and piano (1863-1866); make donations to the Sanitary Fair in 1864; and relocate to 506-508 North Street in 1868. However, by the end of the 1860s he also faced a legal dispute with artist Edward Sintzenich over the copyright of the 1865 chromolithograph "Lake George" and a judgment against him for near $20,000 owed to Charles Magarge & Co., Consequently, in 1870, Sinclair admitted his son John C. (b. ca. 1840-1911), trained as a lawyer and known for his business acumen, into the partnership and the firm regained a favorable credit rating throughout the decade despite a fire causing $10,000 worth of property damage the same year. In 1872, the firm experimented with photo zincography and around 1873, the renamed T. Sinclair & Son announced the expansion of the facility of their business "Established 1840" through their trade card that promoted "Our house is one of the oldest in the country and is now the largest and most complete exclusively lithographic concern in the state." By 1877, credit reports noted the firm as doing a "fair trade" and by 1880 having "about all the orders they can fill" as well as that they owned their stones (including one purported at $20,000), presses, and steam engine with an estimated value of $30,000. By 1881, the year Sinclair died, the firm "stood well" and "enjoy[ed] the confidence of the trade.", Sinclair died on September 17, 1881 with an estate worth $30,000 and his business left to be managed by his son John C. By 1884, the estimated worth of the firm had increased to $100,000 with an excellent credit rating. In 1888, the firm was sold to Geo. S. Harris & Sons. Evidence suggests John C. relocated to Idaho to operate a mine and later practiced law., Although Sinclair resided in Center City (27 Blackberry Alley, 319 South Fifth Street) with his family during the 1840s, Southwark served as their neighborhood from 1850 through the 1870s. From about 1853 to 1874, the family lived at 311 and 313 Carpenter Street, and then 920 Clinton Street until ca. 1880. During Sinclair's final years, he resided at 1834 Green Street and 617 North Fifteenth Street by the time of his death., Sinclair was also a member of the St. Andrew's Society from 1840, including serving as treasurer in the early 1860s. He also served on the committee to celebrate the Senefelder Centenary in 1871 that was cancelled when the funds were redirected to the victims of the Great Fire of Chicago.
Date: 1807- September 17, 1881
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Inger, Christian
Description: Christian Inger, born ca. 1814 in Germany, worked as a lithographic artist in Philadelphia, 1854 - ca. 1895. Inger arrived in the United States at the port of New York with a five-year-old Charles Inger (his relationship undetermined) on the ship "City of Washington" on August 15, 1854 and soon thereafter settled in Philadelphia., Beginning in the mid 1850s, Inger worked predominately with P. S. Duval, creating the early chromolithograph "Hoskins, Hieskell & Co. Importers & Jobbers of Fancy and Staple Dry Goods" (ca. 1854) designed with fellow artist and lithographer Louis Haugg. Inger continued in the employ of Duval to the mid 1860s, when the prominent printer wrote in an August 1864 letter to lithographic artist Albert Newsam, "Mr. Inger is also with us but has not so much to do. Great many artists and printers have gone to the war. Business had been very brisk for several months past but it is very slack now, there is scarcely anything to do.", Between the 1850s and 1870s, Inger also delineated lithographs printed by the prominent firms Herline & Hensel and Thomas Sinclair as well as in 1859, with his son Egmont, operated Inger & Son at 429 Walnut Street. During this era, Inger's works included portraits, painted art reproductions, especially Revolutionary and Civil War scenes, and bird's eye views of the 1876 Centennial Exhibition, including the impressive "Birds eye view of Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, with the buildings of the International Exhibition 1876" printed by Thomas Hunter, and published by Inger & Hensel (905 Market Street). Inger continued in the trade until the mid-1890s. His name last appears in the Philadelphia city directories in 1895., Inger was in Philadelphia by 1854, the year he married a younger Philadelphia woman Jane (b. ca. 1835). They resided north of Center City in Ward 14 by 1860 with two young children, Ida (b. 1856) and Albert (1858-1862). In the 1870s, Inger resided on Ogden Street (Ward 14), where four more children were born. By 1880, he had moved farther north to 1803 North Twenty-first Street (Ward 29), where his widowed daughter Ida Starr returned with her son, George (b. ca. 1873), to reside with her parents and siblings. By 1895, possibly the year of his death, Inger resided at 2323 Sharswood Street (Ward 29).
Date: b. ca. 1814-ca. 1895?
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Dreser & Robyn
Description: See Dreser, William and Robyn, Edward.
Date: fl. ca. 1849-ca. 1851
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Toudy, William
Description: William Toudy, a lithographer in the firm of H. J. Toudy & Co., born December 1846 in Baden, Germany, immigrated to the United States in 1857. Toudy, following the Civil War during which he served as a sergeant in the 74th Pennsylvania Infantry, entered the Toudy firm . Probably a relative to Henry Toudy, he lived with the lithographer in 1866. In 1867, he moved to 1847 Germantown Avenue after his marriage to Caroline Wuest (b. 1849), with whom he had several children. By July 1870, he moved to Camden, New Jersey, where he resided for the remainder of his life., Although he is not mentioned as a partner 1871-1876 in the reconstituted firm of H. J. Toudy & Company, he appears as the sole partner of the firm in 1877-1878. He continued as a printer and lithographer throughout the remainder of the 19th century, as well as applied for an invalid pension for his Civil War service on May 8, 1879. Toudy died on February 9, 1912 and was interred at Arlington Cemetery. Both his son, Wilmer Toudy, and grandson, Julius C. Toudy, worked as lithographers, the latter for Lehman & Bolton in 1917.
Date: December 1846-February 9, 1912
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Thomas, George
Description: George Thomas, born ca. 1836 in Pennsylvania, worked as a lithographer in Philadelphia in 1860. He resided in a boarding house in Center City (Ward 5) with fellow lithographers William Lewis and William F. Kelly.
Date: b. ca. 1836
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Dhatley, H.
Description: H. Dhatley, according to Peters, was a Philadelphia lithographer who drew a portrait lithograph of Edward Everett in 1859.
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Zabiensky, Adolph Ferdinand
Description: Adolph Ferdinand Zabiensky, a Philadelphia and Camden engraver, lithographer, and printer, born in Enger, Germany on February 9, 1822, worked in the cities ca. 1850-1900. Zabiensky emigrated to Philadelphia in 1842. During the 1850s, he was naturalized (March 15, 1853) and served as the Vice President of the Lithographic Printers Union (1850), a position he was nominated for in the early 1860s as well. From 1887 to 1888, he worked as a lithographer for the Philadelphia, later Camden firm of Pfeil & Golz Co. and retired by 1900. A resident of Philadelphia for his entire career, Zabiensky lived at 206 Brown Street for most, if not all, of his life. Zabiensky died suddenly on November 5, 1904 at Twenty-Fifth and Thompson Streets.
Date: February 9, 1822-November 5, 1904
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Fenderich, Charles
Description: Charles Fenderich, the eminent mid-19th century portrait lithographer of American statesmen trained by Zurich lithographer Joseph Brodtmann, born February 10, 1805 in Laufenburg, Switzerland, worked in Philadelphia in the 1830s. In Paris by 1830, Fenderich worked for premier French lithographer Godefroy Engelmann until April 1831 when the Fenderich family emigrated to the United States due to financial troubles. Shortly thereafter, the family settled in Philadelphia., An experienced designer and pressman, Fenderich found employment in Philadelphia with Childs & Inman at 37 North Fourth Street by 1832. Fenderich designed mostly commercial and ephemeral prints, including city views, advertisements and certificates, for the firm. By about 1833, he worked with fellow Swiss lithographer John Caspar Wild producing lithographs with the imprint "Fenderich & Wild's Lithographic Press," at 215 Callowhill Street. The short-lived partnership dissolved when Wild relocated to Cincinnati, Ohio in 1834. Fenderich continued to operate the press in Philadelphia, where in 1837 he is listed at La Grange Place, an alley west of North Second Street. The addresses "No. 95 North 3rd Street" and the "corner of Vine and 3rd Streets" are also associated with Fenderich, but it is unclear if he lived or worked at these properties., Fenderich moved to Washington D.C. by October 1837 and capitalized on his experience, talent and the demand for portraits of American statesmen. He planned to publish by subscription Fenderich's Port Folio of Living American Statesmen, and contributed portrait drawings to The United States Magazine and Democratic Review. Though his plans to publish by subscription did not succeed, he created approximately ninety-four portrait lithographs in Washington by 1848, the earliest of which were published by Lehman & Duval in Philadelphia., On December 11, 1841, Fenderich married Anna Mills, the fourth daughter of architect Robert Mills. By 1849, he had moved west to California and held a share in a newly laid-out town, Eliza City. A fellow traveler's diary described him as a bachelor. Fenderich eventually resettled in San Francisco, where he was listed as an artist in city directories as late as 1887. He died on March 29, 1889.
Date: February 10, 1805-March 29, 1889
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Haehnlen, Jacob
Description: Jacob Haehnlen, born in Harrisburg May 17, 1824, operated one of the "most extensive" lithographic establishments in Philadelphia during the mid 19th century. Son of Christian F. Haehnlen (1795-1898), a German immigrant grocer, Haehnlen worked in the family business before relocating to Philadelphia in 1841. At his new city of residence, Haehnlen continued in the grocery business as a partner in Haehnlen & Brown before entering the lithography trade ca. 1854 as a partner with Eugene Ketterlinus in the respected firm E. Ketterlinus & Co. In 1857, the partnership was dissolved, and Haehnlen and Ketterlinus served as early officers of the Citizen's Mutual Building and Saving Fund Association before he established his own "lithographic & fancy printing establishment" ca. 1859 at 125 and 127 South Third Street., During the first years of his firm, Haehnlen promoted his former association with Ketterlinus; advertised his printing of labels, visiting cards, forms, and show cards; and employed Frederick C. Smith. The firm proved successful as documented by IRS tax assessments for 1864 and 1865. Within a few years, Haehnlen's studio would garner a reputation as ranking "amongst the first in the country" when in 1866 he relocated to Goldsmith's Hall at 418 Library Street where he operated one of the largest print shops in the city. The hall, so named as it was originally used for goldsmith work, contained six floors from which Haehnlen occupied the five upper floors. The establishment contained salesrooms and offices, a machine shop and drying room, lithographic presses, and floors dedicated to card printing and the printing of "pamphlets, hand bills and other similar work." From 1867 to 1868, the father and son lithographers George and Charles Spohni worked for the respected lithographer who also published maps and issued "transfer work for coach and car manufacturers.", Within a few years, Haehnlen's work, as well as a small fire at his establishment, appeared to be taking a toll on his person, and on April 12, 1872 he filed for a passport "in pursuit of pleasure and restoration of health, accompanied by [his] son Edward Gustavus Haehnlen..." Soon thereafter, around 1873, Haehnlen sold his lithography business to Lehman & Bolton, and partnered in an artist's supply business with his brother Louis. Despite the change in career, Haehnlen continued to own Goldsmith's Hall as well as the rear five-story building. In 1882, a major fire destroyed the hall (valued at $100, 000 and containing the chamois business of he and his son Edward [E.G. Haehnlen & Co.] in the basement) and the rear building occupied by A.C. Farley, lithographer and stationer. By 1884, he and his son's business, now listed as a druggist's sundries store, would return to 418 Library Street and Haehnlen would be associated with it until the end of his life., Despite his long residency in Philadelphia, Haehnlen kept his connection to Harrisburg, including the overseeing of and summering at his family property Belle Vue bought by his father. In 1867 he entered into partnership with his brother, Louis, and Harry and Louis Brown, to form the Pennsylvania Brown Free Stone Company, a Harrisburg quarrying company for the building materials trade. In 1876 he built a multi-thousand dollar residence at the family homestead, which in 1910 became Bellevue Park, the first fully planned residential community., Haehnlen was married to Margaret (1828-1900) with whom he had five children including W. Frank (d. 1910), professor of obstetrics at the Medico-Chirurgical College, Philadelphia, Louis F., proprietor of the Belle Vue fruit farm, and youngest son Edward. During much of his lithography career he lived at 228 Vine Street (1850s-1861) or 431 North Sixth street (1862-1876). He was a member of the German Society and the Mercantile Beneficial Association; stockholder in the West Harrisburg Market Company, the City Passenger Railway Company, National Bank and the Harrisburg Bridge Company, and was the founder of the Prospect Hill Cemetery Company., Haehnlen died at 1421 North Broad Street (his residence since 1877) in April 1892 and was buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery. Following his death, the Jacob Haehnlen estate remained profitable and in 1904, the "rear building" at 418 Sansom Street known as the Haehnlen building was sold at a value of $115, 000 by his son W. Frank.
Date: May 17,1824-April 23, 1892
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Kuhl, George
Description: George Kuhl, born in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany in 1820, traveled to New York in 1837 and was naturalized in Philadelphia in 1842. He was active as a lithographer in Philadelphia 1842-1846, where he died of tuberculosis at his residence at 4 Courtlin Place on November 26, 1846. He was a partner with Frederick Kuhl in the firm of F. & G. Kuhl during the mid-1840s.
Date: 1820 - November 26, 1846
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Everts, Louis Humphrey
Description: Louis Humphrey Everts, pioneer map, atlas, and county history publisher and entrepreneur, born in East Otto, New York on April 14, 1836, worked with Philadelphia lithographers and operated in Philadelphia 1874-1900s. Everts moved with his family to Geneva, Kane County, Illinois in 1851. In 1859 he married his first wife, Louisa J. Ferson and worked as a clerk in St. Charles, Illinois. The same year he relocated to Chicago after his wife's death and worked in a dry goods store before he joined the military in 1861. He met his first business partner, Thomas Hinckley Thompson, while serving in the military, and between 1867 and 1872, the newly established partnership of Thompson & Everts began creating county atlases with lithographic illustrations of Iowa and Illinois. From 1870 to 1872, Thompson & Everts contracted Philadelphia lithographers Norman Friend and Thomas Hunter to complete the engraving and printing of their projects., Everts partnership with Thompson dissolved, but he continued to produce atlases in Chicago under the partnership names Evert, Baskin & Stewart (1872-1873), Everts & Stewart (1873-1874), and L. H. Everts & Company (1874-1875) and expanded his geographical focus to New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New York. The expansion resulted in the relocation of his business to Philadelphia in 1874. County histories and religious reference works began to dominate his business efforts from the mid-1870s through the 1880s, under the partnership of Everts, Ensign & Everts and other associated companies., Everts non-publishing endeavors included real estate investments in Washington state and shares in the Dakota Mortgage Company. He served as president of the Cold Blast Feather Company in Chicago and invested in the manufacture of coffee pots., Everts married Adeline H. Utley in 1872 in Illinois, a few years before they relocated east, and had one daughter, Louisa Everts. This marriage ended in the late 1880s and he married Emma M. Montgomery of Philadelphia in 1892., Everts businesses suffered losses in the 1890s and he filed for bankruptcy in 1900. He formed the Century Map Company to continue atlas publishing in 1902. He retired in the 1910s and in 1918, admitted himself into the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers in Dayton, Ohio, but by 1920 had returned to Philadelphia. He died on January 26, 1924 and was buried in West Laurel Hill Cemetery.
Date: April 14, 1836-1924
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Keffer, J. L. (John L.?)
Description: J. L. (John L.?) Keffer served as the artist of the lithograph "U.S. Ship North Carolina off Cape Horn..." printed by P. S. Duval in 1839. He possibly was also Alphonse Brett's partner ca. 1850 in the partnership Bett & Keffer, which issued valentines, including one held in the collections of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Fritz, John S.
Description: John S. Fritz, born about 1840 in Pennsylvania, worked as a lithographer and printer in Philadelphia from 1861 to 1896. Son of John, Sr., a blacksmith from Baden, Germany, he had four siblings: Caroline (b. ca. 1836), Elizabeth (b. ca. 1838), William, also a blacksmith (b. ca. 1843), and Francis (b. ca. 1845), a coachmaker, with whom he resided at 1431 Randolph (i.e., Mifflin) Street until about 1870., After 1870, he lived at 818 Thompson Street until he returned to the Randolph Street address ca. 1876. According to the 1900 census, he married in 1879, although no wife is listed, and raised four children, Elizabeth (b. ca. 1881), John (b. ca. 1884), Mary (b. ca. 1885), and Joseph (b. ca. 1887) at 2117 Howard Street; his residence since ca. 1885.
Date: b ca. 1840
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Smith, David
Description: David Smith, born ca. 1820 in Scotland, worked as lithographer in Philadelphia in 1858. He resided with the Ryan family in Ward 4 at 409 South Street where he also worked in the dry goods business in 1860. Smith returned to the printing trade in the 1860s and worked as a stereotyper and printer at the end of the decade.
Date: b. ca. 1820
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Eimerman, George
Description: George Eimerman, portrait painter and lithographer, born about 1828 in Hesse Cassel, Germany, worked as a lithographer in Philadelphia from 1855 to 1866 Naturalized while a resident of Philadelphia on October 25, 1864, he worked first at Robert Pearsall Smith's establishment (17 Minor Street) and then by 1857 at the firm of Wagner & McGuigan (4 Franklin Place). From 1859 to 1861, he worked with Louis Haugg and Jacob Weiss at 600 Chestnut Street. He was married to Conradina (1833-1838), and had four children Emily G., (b. 1858), Charles H. (b. 1860), William (b. ca. 1862), and Amelia (b. ca. 1865). A resident of Camden 1858-1860, he relocated with his family to 430 Appletree Alley, the address of his colleague Weiss, by the time of his death of pleuro-pneumonia on November 29, 1866. He was interred at Greenwood Cemetery.
Date: ca. 1828 - November 19, 1866
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Leonhardt, Arno
Description: Arno Leonhardt, son of German-born lithographer Theodore Leonhardt, born in Philadelphia on October 21, 1850, was partner in Theo. Leonhardt & Son, and treasurer of the National Lithographers' Association (NLA). Born and raised at Second and Spruce Streets (Dock Street Ward ) following his parents relocation from New York, Leonhardt received his grade-school education at a Quaker School (Sixth and Spruce Streets), a German School, and the Beck School at (Sixth and Catharine Streets). At age fifteen, following the completion of his schooling, Leonhardt started work as an apprentice at his father's establishment (109 South Fourth Street). Through this apprenticeship, he learned all aspects of the trade from engraving and lithography to business and book keeping., In 1874 Leonhardt's father appointed him partner in the establishment that had relocated to 324 Chestnut Street. Theo. Leonhardt & Son focused primarily on producing mercantile and bank lithographic prints, including bonds, certificates, checks, diplomas, cards, letterheads and labels. He continued to operate the establishment after his father's death in 1877, and oversaw the relocation of the company to 123 and 125 South Fifth Street (southeast corner of Fifth and Library Streets) around 1890. Following his father's death, Leonhardt resided in his parents' former home at 526 Buttonwood Street (Ward 12) with his wife, Anna Gramer (b. 1861), and children Helen (b. ca. 1891), Theodore (b. ca. 1893), Arno (b. ca. 1896), and Carl (b. ca. 1898)., Through his position with the NLA, Leonhardt also served as chairman of the Committee of Arrangements for the "Centennial Celebration of the Invention of Lithography" in Philadelphia in July 1896. Leonhardt corresponded extensively with Centennial Honorary Committee member and fellow lithographer Louis Prang to plan the event that gathered prominent American lithographers together to commemorate "an invention that has uplifted the human race ..." Celebrants attended an exhibition of historic and contemporary lithography, lectures, and a banquet., In addition to his involvement with the NLA, Leonhardt was active in several Philadelphia-based organizations, many affiliated with the German community. including President of the Junger Maennerchor in addition to membership in the Zoological Society, Fairmount Park Art Association, Cannstatter Society, and the Masonic Veterans' Association., On January 9, 1909, Leonhardt died suddenly of "apoplexy" at his establishment listed at 867 North Seventh Street. His funeral, held January 14, 1909, from his residency at 867 North Seventh Street to the Junger Maennerchor Hall was attended by more than 5,000 persons. His body was laid to rest at Woodlands Cemetery. In accordance with his will, his sons Theodore, Arno, and Carl assumed proprietorship of the lithographic business, which operated until about 1960.
Date: October 21, 1850-January 9, 1909
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Bridgens, Henry
Description: Henry F. Bridgens, a map lithographer and publisher, born in England about 1824 immigrated to the United States before 1850. By September 1856, he resided in Philadelphia and had gained U.S. citizenship. Although primarily a surveyor and map publisher, his early work included acting as principal lithographer for the "Map of the Township of Westhempfield, Lancaster County, Penna." (1850) in addition to possibly lithographing several plates of J. C. Sidney's "American Cottage and Villa Architecture" (1850). By 1853, he formed the short-lived map publishing firm R. P. & H. F. Bridgens with Richard P. Bridgens that ended soon thereafter when Richard relocated to California. Bridgens is also known for the creation of the first county atlas, when he reissued his 1860 wall map of Berks County as a bound volume in 1861. Although listed as a conveyancer at the time of his death on November 22, 1872, Bridgens continued his work as a map publisher until his last day of life. At the time, he was working on an atlas of Chester County, which was completed posthumously by A. R. Witmer of Safe Harbor, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.
Date: ca. 1824 - November 22, 1872
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Atwood, Jesse
Description: Jesse Atwood, born ca. 1802 in New Hampshire, was a portrait painter whose rendering of Gen. Zachary Taylor was used in an 1847 S. A. & A. F. Ward fashion advertisement printed by Philadelphia lithographer Thomas Sinclair., Atwood was listed as a portrait painter with residences in North Philadelphia in city directories intermittently between 1841-1869. He also displayed work at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art during the Artist's Fund Society Exhibition of 1841.
Date: b. ca. 1802
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Bourquin, Gordon M.
Description: Gordon M. Bourquin, son of lithographer Frederick Bourquin, was born in New York in August 1839. In 1860, Bourquin worked as a lithographer while a resident of Camden, N.J. He abandoned his family and profession and relocated to the Upper Monclair area of New Jersey in 1888. He died in Passaic County, New Jersey in February 1906.
Date: July 1839 - February 1906
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Finnigan, Jeremiah F.
Description: Jeremiah F. Finnigan was a lithographer and printer, active in Philadelphia between ca. 1860 and 1889. In 1862, he was nominated as the secretary of the Lithographic Printers Union. His residences included 708 Fallon Street during the 1860s and 239 Marriott Street in 1889.
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Sinclair, William
Description: William Sinclair, the oldest son of premier Philadelphia lithographer Thomas Sinclair , was born ca. 1827 in Scotland, and worked as a lithographer in the city during the 1850s. Sinclair relocated with his parents to New York City as a young child ca. 1830 and to Philadelphia by 1839. Sinclair became a partner in his father's well-established firm in 1854 when the shop tenanted 101 Chestnut Street (1850-1857). The partnership, which produced all genres of lithographs, including maps, advertisements, city and landscape views, sheet music covers, portraiture, political cartoons, certificates, and book illustrations, relocated to 311 Chestnut Street in 1858. Sinclair died two years later at the age of 33 on July 16, 1860., William resided in his father's household in the Southwark neighborhood in 1850, but had married the Delaware-born Anna (b. ca. 1824) and resided at 1443 South Fifth Street in South Philadelphia (Ward 1) by 1860.
Date: 1827-July 16, 1860
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Richards, John
Description: John Richards, born in Sweden, was a self-trained lithographic artist who drew a series of lithographic views of Germantown in the later 19th century. Richards began his artistic career during his convalescence at Chestnut Hill Hospital during the Civil War. A New York volunteer, Richards relocated to Germantown following his discharge from the army. He was made sexton of the Calvary P.E. Church and continued his sketches of Germantown, which were lithographed by John Hart and sold to neighborhood residents and visitors. In 1913, Julius Sasche compiled and published the views under the title "Quaint Old Germantown: Sixty Views of Ancient Landmarks...1863-1888." Richards died on August 26, 1889
Date: d. August 26, 1889
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Rougut, Michael
Description: Michael Rougut, born ca. 1829 in France, worked as a lithographer in Philadelphia in 1860, He resided in the boarding house of Abraham Koehler with several other French-born artisans, including fellow lithographer Michael Victor in Center City (Ward 5).
Date: b. ca. 1829
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Ledger Job Printing Office
Description: The Ledger Job Printing Office comprised the printing division, including lithography, of the "Philadelphia Public Ledger" owned by George W. Childs. By 1863, the division printed playbills before managed by Joseph E. Jackson from 1869 to 1876, when it became a major printer of stock theatrical posters with printer Robert C. Smith (d. 1887) serving as foreman for several years. The division also issued specimen books of their "theatrical cuts" and advertised their services through chromolithographed trade cards from the late 1860s through the 1870s. The Printing Office remained active until 1896 at an annex (605 Sansom Street) after being relocated from the main building at the S.W. cor. 6th and Chestnut streets.
Date: fl. ca. 1863-1896
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Lucas, William B.
Description: See Kennedy & Lucas
Date: d. 1833
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Pendleton, Kearny & Childs
Description: Pendleton, Kearny & Childs, the partnership between Boston lithographer John B. Pendleton and Philadelphia engravers Francis Kearny and Cephas G. Childs active 1829-1830, was one of the early Philadelphia lithographic firms. The second successful commercial firm in Philadelphia after Kennedy & Lucas, the firm at 185 (i.e., 500 block) Chestnut Street printed and published lithographs delineated by respected local artists, including Albert Newsam, Rembrandt Peale, Hugh Bridport, E. W. Clay, and Moses Swett. The brief partnership ended when Pendleton relocated to New York. Kearny retired to his hometown of Perth Amboy, New Jersey not long after in 1833. Childs continued the business with portrait painter Henry Inman.
Date: fl. 1829-1830
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Pharazyn, Henry
Description: Henry Pharazyn, born ca. 1822 in England, brother of colorist and lithograph publisher Alfred Pharazyn, worked as an artist, jeweler, frame dealer, colorist, and lithograph publisher in Philadelphia during the mid nineteenth century. Known lithographs issued by Pharazyn include "Trotting Cracks of Philadelphia Returning from the Race at Point Breeze Park,..." (1870) published at his frame establishment at 1725 Lombard Street., During the 1840s city directories listed Pharazyn as a "military artist" at 13 Dugan Street (Center City), while in the 1850s he was listed as a jeweler at 199 1/2 (i.e., 500 block) South Street. The 1860 and 1870 censuses record him as an artist (resident of Ward 3) and colorist (resident of Ward 7), respectively, whose personal estate had increased from $100 to $1000. According to the 1870 city directory, he also worked at a saloon. During the 1870s, he was employed as a carpet, and later herbs dealer (529 South Seventh Street), the latter which he continued as an occupation into the 1880s. Pharazyn died a pauper and known as an eccentric in December 1902; his body found in January 1903, days after his death in his cellar residence at 303 South Seventh Street., Pharazyn was married to Ann (b. ca. 1825) with whom he had a son Alfred (b. ca. 1852), reported as mentally and physically challenged. Ann, described as deaf in the 1870 census, died in the 1880s and son Alfred resided in Pennsylvania Hospital at the time of his father's death.
Date: ca. 1822-December 1902
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Euler, Charles (or Karl)
Description: Charles Euler, born March 9, 1815 in Kassel, Germany, worked as an artist and lithographer in Philadelphia ca. 1859-ca. 1860s. Euler immigrated to the United States in the late 1850s and settled in Philadelphia. Employed as an artist at 738 Sansom Street in 1859, and then 211 North Ninth Street from 1860-1861, Euler produced portrait paintings and lithographs. He also exhibited at least six European views at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts between 1859 and 1861. Euler resided north of Center City at 1513 Vine Street (Ward 10) until 1868., Euler may possibly be the artist Carl Euler that immigrated to New York on the Harmonia in June 1858.
Date: b. March 9, 1815
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Richard, John H.
Description: John H. Richard, born in Germany (or possibly France) in 1807, was the artist of the first true American lithotint published in Philadelphia in 1843. Richard was also an engraver , lithographer, scientific illustrator, as well as an exhibits preparator at the Smithsonian Institution, who worked in Philadelphia between the 1840s and 1870s. Between 1841 and 1843, although listed in city directories as an engraver, Richard also worked at the establishment of P. S. Duval. At Duval's firm, he delineated plates for Holbrook's "Herpetology" and experimented with lithotinting. In 1843, he produced "Grandpapa's Pet," the first true American lithotint published in "Miss Leslie's Magazine" (April 1843). By the early 1850s, he worked at the U. S. Mint and produced illustrations for several government reports and accepted commissions from the Smithsonian, such as the hand coloring of bird drawings by Robert Ridgway., His association with the Smithsonian continued through the 1870s and in 1875 he prepared the Smithsonian's natural history exhibits for the Centennial Exhibition of 1876. He died in Washington, D.C on March 18, 1881 with Mary H. Ettinger (later Bates) of Salfordville, Pa. and Professor Spencer F. Baird of Washington D.C as the executors of his will. Despite being bequeathed all his personal estate. Ms. Ettinger renounced her rights to it., During his career in Philadelphia, according to the censuses, Richard (listed as born in Germany) lived in 1850 in Spring Garden Ward 4 with his wife Mary (b. ca. 1819), Margaret Evans, and artist Siam Shindler. He was probably the John Richard listed at 500 Callowhill Street in the city directory for that year. In 1860, he was listed as born in France and as a designer who lived in Ward 21 (Schuylkill Falls) in a large household, including his wife, gentleman Henry Trumbauer, and a servant. He owned real estate worth $4,000 that increased to $18,000 in 1870 when he resided in Ward 25 (Northeast Philadelphia) alone.
Date: 1807-March 18, 1881
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Crouse, Lewis
Description: Lewis Crouse, born about 1830 in Kassel, Germany, worked as a lithographer in Philadelphia in 1860. He resided in Ward 5 of the city with his German-born wife, Clara (b. ca. 1832) and his son, Lewis (b. 1858).
Date: b. ca. 1830
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Busch, Edward
Description: Edward A. F. Busch, born about 1839 in Saxony, Germany worked as a map engraver and lithographer in Philadelphia 1869-1876. Busch immigrated to the United States during the 1860s. He worked first with Theodore Bosin in the short-lived firm of Bosin & Busch in 1869-1870 and then on his own until his death on October 13, 1876., He worked with the map publishing firm of Griffith Morgan Hopkins (with whom he shared a business address) and engraved all of Hopkins's atlases throughout the early 1870s, including the six-volume "City Atlas of Philadelphia" (1875-1876). He was succeeded by Walter S. MacCormac (1850- 1913) after his death. Busch was married to Bertha (b. ca. 1846), with whom he had five children, Edward (b. ca. 1864), Minnie (b. ca. 1866), Carl (b. ca. 1867), Lillie (b. ca. 1869), and Rose (1870-1873). Following his death in 1876 from dropsy, he was buried in Glenwood Cemetery.
Date: ca. 1839 - October 13, 1876
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Dugan, Augustine A.
Description: Augustine A. Dugan, born ca. 1802, was a New York and Philadelphia engraver who copyrighted L. N. Rosenthal's lithograph "Correct View of the City of Philadelphia on the Delaware River As It Appeared on 25th of January 1852,'" in 1852., Dugan immigrated to New York from England in 1837. He married Catharine Ward in June 15, 1839 and worked as an engraver in New York 1840-1849, including the 1844 partnership Dugan & Barnett. By 1851, he relocated to Philadelphia, where he worked as an engraver until 1860 and possibly his death. In 1852, Dugan worked from 223 North Second Street and resided at Eleventh Street above Jefferson Street.
Date: b. ca. 1802
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Ibbotson, Harvey J.
Description: Harvey J. Ibbotson, born of Jewish descent ca. 1818 in England, worked as a lithographic artist in Philadelphia and Boston ca. 1850-ca. 1870. Ibbotson immigrated to the United States before 1846 and worked as a merchant in Philadelphia 1846-1848. Listed in the 1850 census as a resident of Boston, Ibbotson was also listed in the 1850 Philadelphia City Directory as a lithographer residing at Marshall above Fourth Street. Before Ibbotson relocated permanently to Philadelphia, he designed prints for J. H. Bufford & Co. of Boston 1850-ca. 1856., As of the late 1850s, Ibbotson appeared steadily in Philadelphia city directories, at a variety of Center City addresses, including 432 South Fifth Street (1856); 349 South Third Street (1857); and 311 Walnut Street, the lithographic establishment of William Boell (1859). During this period, Ibbotson also partnered with James Queen on advertisements and views, including the "Delaware Water Gap" printed ca. 1856. By 1861 Ibbotson designed lithographs for premier lithographer Thomas Sinclair, including a number of city and landscape views. In 1870, Ibbotson remained listed in the census as a lithographic artist and in 1880 as an artist., Ibbotson resided in South Philadelphia and Center City between the 1850s and 1870s and at 935 Morris Street (including his studio) by 1875. Married to the Irish-born Josephine by the early 1860s, Ibbotson had six children, including one-year old Charles, by the time of his death on August 1, 1880. Ibbotson was also a member of Shekinah Lodge Ancient York Masons and Myrtle Wreath Lodge, Knights of Pythias.
Date: ca. 1818-August 1, 1880
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Matthias, Benjamin
Description: Benjamin Matthias, born in Hamburg, Germany about 1822, worked as a lithographer specializing in maps in Philadelphia 1854-1860. From 1854 to 1858, he partnered with William Bracher as Bracher & Matthias from Robert Pearsall Smith's establishment at 15-17, i.e., 517 Minor Street. In 1858, George Worley joined the firm which operated as Worley, Bracher & Matthias at 600-602 Chestnut Street. In 1860 Matthias gained U.S. citizenship and left the partnership. He was the principal engraver for "Map of Washtenaw County, Michigan" (Philadelphia: Bechler, Wenig & Co. 1856) and for "Map of Lenawee County, Michigan" (Philadelphia: Bechler, Wenig & Co. 1857).
Date: b. ca. 1822
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Bradley, John B.
Description: John B. Bradley, born ca. 1839 of an Irish mother and an American father, was a lithographer active in Philadelphian from 1859 until at least 1865. In 1850, he worked at the establishment of Thomas S. Wagner and between 1864 and 1865 was listed in city directories with the address 814 Locust Street., By 1880, he resided in Philadelphia with his wife Annie (b. ca. 1840) and two children Lizzie (b. ca. 1862) and Emil (b. ca. 1864). He also was a member of the Order of Elks for the Philadelphia Lodge and served as the Treasurer.
Date: b. ca. 1839
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Allman, F. B.
Description: F. B. Allman was listed as a lithographer residing at 1221 Whitehall (i.e., below Spring Garden Street) in the 1858 Philadelphia city directory.
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Kelly, Thomas F.
Description: Thomas F. Kelly, born ca. 1847 in Pennsylvania, worked as a lithographer in Philadelphia during the 1860s and 1870s. Son of the Irish-born tailor James Kelly (b. ca. 1808), Kelly served as the secretary of the Lithographic Printers Union in 1868 and possibly worked with his brother and lithographer William J. (b. ca. 1838)., Kelly lived with his family, including William, in Center City at 1542 Sansom Street from at least 1860 until the early 1870s. As of 1870, another brother James (b. ca. 1853) worked in the field of art as well - as a portrait painter., During the early 1890s, a Thomas F. Kelly, possibly this lithographer, was listed as a printer at 1136 and later 1144 South Eighth Street and again in 1915 at 5448 Market Street.
Date: b. ca. 1847
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Weith, Simon
Description: Simon Weith, born ca. 1835 in France, worked as a lithographer in Philadelphia in 1860. He resided in Center City (Ward 5) with his family, including his brother August (b. ca. 1834), a stone grinder, and brother, Stephen (b. ca. 1837) also a lithographer.
Date: b. ca. 1835
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Brown, M. E. D. (Manneville Elihu Dearing)
Description: Manneville Elihu Dearing Brown, born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on April 13, 1810, was a premier early Philadelphia lithographer and painter. Trained ca. 1827-1831 as an artist in the prominent Boston lithographic firm the Pendletons, Brown entered the lithographic trade in Philadelphia in 1831 when he established his own shop at 5 Library Street. Brown served as the main lithographer and pressman of his shop and he designed and printed lithographs for the "Floral Magazine" (1832-1834); "American Journal of Science and Arts" (1832-1833); and "Cabinet of Natural History" (1830-1834). Brown also produced loose prints including portraits, city views, sheet music covers, and advertisements. Noted works include the humorous allegorical swine print "Prodigal Son" (1832) praised in the "United States Gazette and one of the earliest Philadelphia news event prints showing "The Gold & Silver Artificers of Phila. In Civic Procession 22 Feb 1832" in honor of George Washington's centennial birthday., In 1833, Brown engaged his former Pendleton colleague Nathaniel Currier as a lithographer for a year before Currier relocated to New York and Brown left Philadelphia and the trade under financial duress. The establishment despite being in operation until only 1834 produced some of the finest lithographs during the early years of the trade. During the early 1830s, Brown also drew for his former employers the Pendleton's New York firm in addition to exhibiting his art work at the Artist's Fund Society of Philadelphia in 1835 and the National Academy of Design in 1845 and 1850., After 1834, Brown relocated to Upstate New York (Geneva and Utica) where he concentrated on portrait painting before he traveled to Europe where he studied art 1839-1849. Following this period, he returned to Utica and worked as a respected painter, particularly of portraits, until his death on September 1, 1896. He was buried at Forest Hill Cemetery in Utica, New York, survived by a nephew.
Date: 1810-September 1, 1896
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Watson, J. F. (John Frampton)
Description: John Frampton Watson, born ca. 1805 in Philadelphia to merchant Joseph Watson and Margaret Rodman, worked as a lithographer and printer in Philadelphia 1833-1866. He began his career in lithography with his brother Charles Augustus Watson in 1833. By 1835, an advertisement for the new lithographic establishment of J. F. & C. A. Watson at 62 Walnut Street appeared regularly in the "Philadelphia Inquirer" and emphasized "that cards &c. engraved on stone for all the practical purposes of business, are equal to those on copper, and at one third the cost." Early works by the firm included the plates "Grisly Bears [sic]," "Ground Squirrel," and "Argali" published in the third volume of the "Cabinet of Natural History and American Rural Sports" (1833)., J. F. & C. A. Watson also printed sheet music covers and maps, along with an 1834 lithograph of Chadds Ford delineated by Swiss artist and lithographer John Caspar Wild in 1834. By 1837, C. A. Watson had withdrawn from the business. However, John Frampton continued to operate from 62 Walnut Street, where he published "Tippecanoe and the Thames" with Philip Banks as J.F. Watson & Co. in 1840. Between 1843 and 1847, Watson operated from 80 1/2 Walnut Street, near Fourth Street, and subsequently from the southeast corner of Fourth and Walnut Streets, where he remained until his death in 1866., Little is known about John Frampton Watson, except that he embarked on a government-funded expedition to the South Seas in 1830, possibly as a draughtsman, with Jeremiah N. Reynolds. In the late 1830s and early 1840s he resided on High (i.e., Market) Street, including 207 High Street, according to an 1837 city directory listing and his address on his 1842 proposed membership cited in the Franklin Institute Board Meeting Minutes. He married Susan Abbott Newbold Penny in 1846 and resided with her in a hotel in the Dock Ward of the city by 1850. They lived at 257 South Ninth Street in 1858, and by 1866, boarded at 739 Spruce Street, where Watson died ca. 1866. His widow provided the address in an "Illustrated New Age" (June 21, 1866) advertisement asking for all debts to be paid to the Watson estate.
Date: ca. 1805-1866
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Wilson, Joseph C.
Description: Joseph C. Wilson, born ca. 1845 in Pennsylvania, worked as an artist and lithographer for Thomas Sinclair at his 311 Chestnut Street establishment in Philadelphia 1860-1861. He resided with his English-born parents William and Elizabeth and five siblings at 1610 South Fourth Street in South Philadelphia (Ward 1).
Date: b. ca. 1845
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Weith, Stephen
Description: Stephen Weith, born ca. 1837 in France, worked as a lithographer in Philadelphia in 1860. He resided in Center City (ward 5) with his family, including his brother August (b. ca. 1834), a stone grinder, and brother, Simon (b. ca. 1835) also a lithographer.
Date: b. ca. 1837
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Kramer, Peter
Description: Peter Kramer, an artist, painter, and lithographer born in Zweibrücken, Germany on July 24, 1823, was active in Philadelphia ca. 1848-ca. 1865. Kramer immigrated to New York on the Hendrik Hudson in October 1847 and settled in Philadelphia shortly there after. He partnered with P. S. Duval to delineate lithographs as early as 1848, including "Charles Oakford's 1848 & 49 Fashions for Hats, Caps & Furs, Wholesale & Retail Establishment, No. 104 Chestnut St., Philadelphia." He also designed political cartoons, including "The Resurrection of Henry Box Brown at Philadelphia" for L. N. Rosenthal and sheet music covers, including "City Museum Polka," for Thomas Sinclair in the early 1850s. By 1853, he operated from 116 Chestnut Street with lithographer Edward Herline and map publisher James D. Scott. Many sources indicate that Kramer left the states in 1857 to open a studio in Stuttgart, Germany, but Philadelphia city directory listings, census information, and the imprint of the Civil War satire "Shadows of the Times" (1862) published by Kramer and French-born lithographer Caspar Muringer suggest he remained in Philadelphia until ca. 1865. By the 1870 census, Peter Kramer, artist, lives in New York City (Ward 17) with his family., During his career in Philadelphia, Kramer lived with his German-born wife Louisa (b. ca. 1823) and their five children north of Center City in the Spring Garden and Northern Liberties neighborhoods. By about 1857, Kramer probably relocated his residence to New Jersey - censuses for 1860 and 1870 indicate that their daughter Julia was born in New Jersey ca. 1857. By 1880, Kramer resided at 231 East Tenth Street in New York, but by 1900, he lived with his daughter Julia and her family in Brooklyn, New York (Ward 25), where he died on July 30, 1907.
Date: July 24, 1823-July 30, 1907
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Berkenhauer, Adolph
Description: Adolph Berkenhauer was listed as a lithographer in the 1864 Philadelphia city directory. He resided in Camden and worked at the firm of Schnabel & Finkeldey at 218 Walnut Street.
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Douglas, George H.
Description: George H. Douglas partnered with Robert J. Hitchins in 1870-1871 to form Hitchins & Douglas, a lithography firm at 203 Race Street in Philadelphia. Douglas resided at 1030 South Third Street in South Philadelphia with the Hitchins family during the two years he partnered with Robert.
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Jones, Alfred T.
Description: Alfred T. Jones, lithographic printer, newspaper editor, and prominent member of the Philadelphia Jewish community, was born July 4, 1822 in Boston, Ma. Originally in pursuit of a career in the mercantile trade, Jones relocated to Philadelphia ca. 1842, before entering into partnership ca. 1859 with Rudolph Stein in the lithographic and printing business Stein & Jones at 312 Chestnut Street., For the next ten years Jones remained in the partnership, which specialized in trade cards and continued and furthered his activities in the Masonic Order and philanthropic Jewish organizations. Jones not only served as a Master and secretary of the Shekinah Lodge, but also acted as a manager, secretary, president and/or board member of several Jewish benevolent institutions and associations, including B'nai B'rith, Jewish Foster Home, and Covenant Hall Association., In 1869, Jones partnered in a photographic studio with John Gihon until 1871 when the death of his former partner Stein led him back to the printing industry. Jones, with new partner Theodore Potsdamer, resumed operations of the printing establishment ca. 1872-1873 under the name Jones & Potsdamer. By 1875, Jones left the lithography trade and established the weekly "Jewish Record" for which he served as editor until its demise in 1886., In his later years, Jones continued his philanthropic work, particularly with the Association of Jewish Immigrants until his death on October 3, 1888, at his residence of many years at 1303 Marshall Street. His funeral sermon was delivered by the Rev. Sabato Morais and he was buried at the 55th Street Cemetery of Mikveh Israel (formerly of Congregation Beth El Emeth). Jones was married to Jessica (ca. 1823-1894), with whom he had four children, Rebecca (ca. 1856-1894), Andrew (b. ca. 1849), Ida (b. ca. 1854), and Frank (b. ca. 1857).
Date: 1822-1888
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Breen, Charles
Description: Charles Breen worked as a lithographer in Philadelphia 1870-1871. He worked at 304 South Front Street.
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Barinsou, F.
Description: F. Barinsou, probably J. Barincou, was an artist and lithographer active in Philadelphia in the mid 1830s. He worked 1831-1834 in New York for lithographer Anthony Imbert, then Philadelphia by 1835. He delineated several plates for James Otto Lewis's "The Aboriginal Portfolio" (1835) and probably was the Barineau who worked for the lithographic firm Lehman & Duval (active 1835-1837). In 1839, J. Barincou was listed as a portrait painter at Eighth and Walnut streets in the city directory.
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: Dinneen, Patrick
Description: Patrick Dinneen, born circa 1828 in Ireland, worked as a lithographer and printer in Philadelphia between 1854 and 1861 for P.S. Duval at his 5 Ranstead Place, 8 South Fifth Street, and 22 South Fifth Street establishments. He resided on 507 Federal Street in Ward 1 with his wife, Margaret (b. ca. 1828) and three Pennsylvania-born children. His brothers, Dennis Dinneen (b. ca. 1833) and Cornelius Dinneen (b ca. 1832), also worked as lithographers for P. S. Duval.
Date: b. ca. 1828
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

Title: George McDowell & Co.
Description: George McDowell & Co., the blank books, printing and lithograph business established as a book and stationery house by Joseph McDowell in 1825 operated in the lithographic trade ca. 1862-ca. 1880s. George McDowell assumed the business from Joseph ca. 1861 as McDowell & Holloway at 121 Market Street. The firm, reestablished as George McDowell & Co. in 1862, relocated to 235 Market Street the same year. F. P. F. Mullins headed the printing department by 1881 when the firm operated from 20 South Sixth Street. The firm specialized in counting house stationery, playing cards, albums, and stationery sundries.
Date: fl. ca. 1862-ca. 1880s
Location: Philadelphia on Stone Biographical Dictionary of Lithographers

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