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Title: Phillipps, Adelaide, 1833-1882.
Description: In Ballou's pictorial drawing-room companion, vol. 10, no. 2 (Jan 12, 1856), p. 28., Adelaide Phillipps won popularity as a child star with her singing, acting, and dance routines. She later trained as an opera singer in Europe, under the legendary Manuel Garcia, and toured the United States and Europe with numerous opera companies., Other portraits appear in: Gleason's pictorial drawing-room companion, vol. 1, no. 2 (May 10, 1851), p. 32; Gleason's pictorial drawing-room companion, vol. 1, no. 6 (June 7, 1851), p. 84; Appleton's encyclopaedia of American biography, vol. 4 (New York, 1888), p. 758., Full-length portrait of Phillipps, wearing a man's costume of boots, tights, a tunic and belt purse, holding a picture; she is depicted while acting a scene with two other male figures at left, with a rural landscape including a cottage and arbor in the background.
Date: [1856?]

Title: Cushman sisters
Description: In The People’s journal, vol. 2, no. 29 (July 18, 1846), p. 29., At head of image: Public exhibitions. No. 2., Full-length portraits of the actresses Charlotte and Susan Cushman.
Date: 1846.

Title: Bailey, Anne Hennis, 1742-1825
Description: In Chapin, J.R. The historical picture gallery (Boston, 1856), p. 155., Full-length portrait of the wilderness woman astride a galloping horse; she looks over her left shoulder, with a whip held high in her right hand; her clothing does not identify her as male or female.
Date: [1856?]

Title: Stephens, Ellen.
Description: In The afflicted and deserted wife, or, Singular and surprising adventures of Mrs. Ellen Stephens (New York, 1842), frontispiece., Mrs. Ellen Stephens is probably a fictitious character., Three-quarter length portrait of the woman wearing a dress with leg-of-mutton sleeves, with her head down-turned, in tears.
Date: [1842?]
Location: http://librarycompany.org/crossdressing/section2.htm

Title: M’Dougald, Elizabeth, b. 1796.
Description: Full-length portrait of Mrs. Elizabeth M’Dougald in a natural setting. She is depicted “in the guise of a Scottish Highlander,” wearing a highland dress and a Scottish bonnet with feathers, and holding two shotguns. --P. 18., In M’Dougald, Elizabeth. The Life, travels, and extraordinary adventures of Elizabeth M’Dougald (Providence, 1834), [1]., "Thus attired I commenced my pursuit after the destroyer of my happiness, -- once the idol that I worshiped”., Elizabeth M’Dougald was a Scottish woman who was abandoned by her husband for another woman. With murderous intentions she pursued him by crossing the Atlantic, traveling throughout Canada and the United States, and enlisting in the Army.
Date: [1834?]
Location: http://www.librarycompany.org/extraordinarywoman/uniform.htm

Title: Bateman sisters.
Description: In Gleason’s pictorial drawing-room companion, vol. 1, no. 28 (Nov. 8, 1851), p. 440., Full-length portraits of the child actresses Kate and Ellen Bateman in costume for their appearance in Bombastes furioso, Kate in the role of King Artaxaminous (?).
Date: [1851?]

Title: St. Clair, Sally.
Description: In Chapin, J.R. The historical picture gallery (Boston, 1856), p. 407., Full-length recumbent portrait of the American woman from South Carolina who disguised herself as a man and joined the Continental Army; her sex was not discovered until after she died in battle (either in 1782 or 1778).
Date: [1856?]

Title: Johnson, Sophia, b. 1798.
Description: Waist-length portrait of the writer, an amputee, holding a book in her left hand., In Johnson, Sophia. The friendless orphan, an affecting narrative of the trials and afflictions of Sophia Johnson, the early victim of a cruel step-mother (Pittsburgh, 1842), title vignette., Sophia Johnson dressed as a man to serve with her brother in the War of 1812., Portrait re-engraved after the original engravings by Huestis in the 1841 New York printing of The friendless orphan.
Date: [1842?]
Location: http://www.librarycompany.org/extraordinarywoman/uniform.htm

Title: Gannett, Deborah Sampson, 1760-1827
Description: In The female review: or, memoirs of an American young lady; whose life and character are peculiarly distinguished-- being a Continental soldier, for nearly three years, in the late American war (Dedham, 1797), frontispiece., Gannett dressed as a man in order to serve in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War., "I shall here notice a heroic deed of this gallantress; which, while it deserves the applause of every patriot and veteran, must chill the blood of the tender and sensible female. Two bastion redoubts of the enemy having advanced two hundred yards on the left, which checked the progress of the combined forces, it was proposed to reduce them by storm. To inspire emulation in the troops, the reduction of one was committed to the Americans, and the other to the French. A select corps was chosen. The commander of the infantry was given to Fayette, with permission to manage as he pleased. He therefore ordered them to remember Cherry-Valley and New London Quarters, and to retaliate accordingly, by putting them to the sword, after having carried the redoubts. Our Heroine was one of these! At dark, they marched to the assault with unloaded arms, but with fixed bayonets; and with unexampled bravery, attacking on all sides at once, after some time of violent resistance, were complete victors of the redoubts."--P. 151-152., Bust-length portrait of Gannett, encircled by ornamental oval frame with decorative elements including eagle, flags, and foliage., Another portrait appears in Chapin, J.R. The historical picture gallery (Boston, 1856), p. 27., Another copy of portrait held in Graphic Arts [Portrait Prints - S [5750.F.29a]]. Copy reproduced in "In Disguise" online exhibition.
Date: 1797.
Location: http://librarycompany.org/crossdressing/section1.htm

Title: Emma, as a sailor, captured on the high seas
Description: In The life and sufferings of Miss Emma Cole (Boston, 1844), p. [19]., Emma Cole [later Mrs. Hanson] is probably a fictitious character., Full-length of the woman wearing a sailor suit, lying on her back on the deck of a ship, while a man binds her hands. Four other armed men stand nearby.
Date: [1844?]
Location: http://librarycompany.org/crossdressing/section2.htm

Title: Emmons, Elizabeth, 1817-1841.
Description: In A Sketch of the life of Elizabeth Emmons, or, The female sailor. 2nd ed. (Boston, 1841), frontispiece., Elizabeth Emmons is probably a fictitious character., Waist-length portrait of the partially-sighted woman on board ship, wearing a sailor uniform.
Date: [1841?]
Location: http://librarycompany.org/crossdressing/section2.htm, http://librarycompany.org/gayatlcp/section6.html

Title: Harm oneons Carolina melodies arranged for the piano forte
Description: Sheet music cover showing the minstrel group, the Harmoneons, in Blackface as a musical group playing in a tropical setting. The four men and one man dressed as a woman are seated and play instruments, including a triangle, fiddle, banjo, tambourine, and clappers. The men are attired in button-down, yellow striped shirts and white pants, and the woman in a short-sleeved, red and white dress. Palm trees, a mountain side, and ocean are visible in the background. The entertainers' and their characters' names are printed below the image: Js. Power as Toney; M. S. Pike as Fanny; L. V. N. Crosby as Pomp; F. Lynch as Gumbo; and Jno. Power as Sambo. The Harmoneons, founded by Crosby and originally managed by J. Simmons Davis, were one of the earliest minstrel troupes in the United States and were active into the 1860s., Blackface minstrelsy is a popular entertainment form, originating in the United States in the mid-19th century and remaining in American life through the 20th century. The form is based around stereotypical and racist portrayals of African Americans, including mocking dialect, parodic lyrics, and the application of Black face paint; all designed to portray African Americans as othered subjects of humor and disrespect. Blackface was a dominant form for theatrical and musical performances for decades, both on stage and in private homes., Title from item., Date from copyright statement: Entered according to act of Congress in the year 1845 by C. Bradlee & Co. in the clerk's office of the District Cou[rt]., Title list of scores printed on recto., Facsimile signature of minstrel L. V. N. Crosby printed on recto. LCP copy contains partial signature., Gift of Michael Zinman, 2009., Description of Blackface minstrelsy from Dorothy Berry, Descriptive Equity and Clarity around Blackface Minstrelsy in H(arvard) T(heater) C(ollection) Collections, 2021., Lower corners missing., RVCDC, Description revised 2021., Access points revised 2021., Part of digital collections catalog through a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services as administered by the Pennsylvania Department of Education through the Office of the Commonwealth Libraries, and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Tom Corbett, Governor, 2013-2014.
Creator: Sharp, William, 1803-1875, artist
Date: 1845
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Print Department GC - Entertainment - H [P.2009.25]

Title: [Finale of an unidentified theatrical production]
Description: Depicts the entire cast of men gesturing toward center stage where the show's "female" star is hoisted on the shoulders of two cast members. In the left, a supporting player, wearing Black face and costumed as a messenger in a cap and white gloves, kneels and points with his right hand. The front row of actors kneel, many of whom are attired as women in large brimmed hats and dresses with tulle skirts. The back row of actors stand, attired in white collared shirts, ties, dark-colored jackets, and white pants. The backdrop depicts a small town street including "Bernies Antique Shop," a drug store, and a post office. "Blackface minstrelsy is a popular entertainment form, originating in the United States in the mid-19th century and remaining in American life through the 20th century. The form is based around stereotypical and racist portrayals of African Americans, including mocking dialect, parodic lyrics, and the application of Black face paint; all designed to portray African Americans as othered subjects of humor and disrespect. Blackface was a dominant form for theatrical and musical performances for decades, both on stage and in private homes.", Title supplied by cataloger., Photographer's imprint ink stamped on verso., Description of Blackface minstrelsy from Dorothy Berry, Descriptive Equity and Clarity around Blackface Minstrelsy in H(arvard) T(heater) C(ollection) Collections, 2021., Gift of Joseph Kelly, 1982., RVCDC, Description revised 2022., Access points revised 2022., Part of digital collections catalog through a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services as administered by the Pennsylvania Department of Education through the Office of Commonwealth Libraries, and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Tom Corbett, Governor, 2013-2014., Part of digital collections catalog through a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services as administered by the Pennsylvania Department of Education through the Office of Commonwealth Libraries, and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Tom Corbett, Governor, 2013-2014.
Creator: Photo Illustrators (Firm), photographer
Date: [ca. 1925]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Print Department Photo-Illustrators-11x14 [P.8882.20]

Title: [Procession of Poor Richard Club members down Locust Street, Philadelphia]
Description: Procession of the advertising and publishing club established in 1906 in honor of Benjamin Franklin past the Poor Richard Club and the nightclub, "Club Madrid," on the 1300 block of Locust Street. Depicts the members being led by a Franklin impersonator and a man, wearing makeup and a curly, white wig and attired in an embellished long-sleeved shirt with a cap, shorts, and white stockings, on horseback. They are followed by costumed and uncostumed members. All the costumed "young Franklins," except for a few who hold flags and a club banner, carry loaves of bread simulating Franklin's arrival to Philadelphia. Spectators watch from the sidewalk and the street, including an African American chauffeur leaning on a parked car. Parade may commemorate the relocation of the club to 1319 Locust Street from 239 Camac Street on November 30, 1925., Title supplied by cataloger., Photographer's blind stamp on recto., Gift of Joseph Kelly, 1982., Description revised 2022., Access points revised 2023., Part of digital collections catalog through a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services as administered by the Pennsylvania Department of Education through the Office of the Commonwealth Libraries, and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Tom Corbett, Governor, 2013-2014.
Creator: Photo Illustrators (Firm), photographer
Date: [ca. 1925]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Print Department Photo-Illustrators-11x14 [P.8876.3]

Title: [Charles J. Webb Company float during a parade along a Philadelphia street]
Description: View of the float for Charles J. Webb Co., Philadelphia woolen and cotton yarn dealer. Bordered by a log fence and adorned with cotton plants and two small American flags, the float carries four live sheep and several costumed passengers including: three African American men attired as cotton pickers; a white man attired as a colonial lady near her spinning wheel; and a white boy attired as a colonial sheepherder holding his crook. Partial view of preceding float is visible with a white man attired in colonial garb. A large, stone building lines the street., Title supplied by cataloger., Date inferred from content., Purchase 1989., RVCDC, Description revised 2022., Access points revised 2022., Part of digital collections catalog through a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services as administered by the Pennsylvania Department of Education through the Office of the Commonwealth Libraries, and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Tom Corbett, Governor, 2013-2014.
Date: [ca. 1920]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Print Department photos - unidentified - processions [P.9260.638]

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