Search results

Title: The way they "catch" men in Pennsylvania
Description: Two armed, uniformed authorities shoot at two escaped slaves in Cambria county, Pennsylvania., Illustration in the American Anti-Slavery Almanac, for 1838 (Boston: Published by D.K. Hitchcock, 1837), p. 25., Caption underneath the image reads: "These men having FELT the horrors of slavery, fled to Cambria county, Pa., in April, 1837. Being pursued, one of them said he would die before he would be taken. They were shot and wounded, and then were taken with great difficulty.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1837]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1837 Ame Ant 52047.D.2 p 25, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2756

Title: The way a Virginian treated a New Englander
Description: According to an accompanying text, the illustration depicts an incident that occurred in New Bedford, Massachusetts, c. 1818-23. The scene is set in a New Bedford "victualling cellar" kept by the black man at the left. In the company of a local constable (right), a visiting Virginian (center), has seized a pair of tongs and is assaulting the man. As the text explains, the Virginian, "who coveted his neighbor's body and soul," ordered the man to be arrested on a fictitious debt charge. The action was dismissed, and the Virginia was ultimately arrested for assaulting the black inn-keeper., Illustration in the American Anti-Slavery Almanac, for 1838 (Boston: Published by D.K. Hitchcock, 1837), p. 27., Caption underneath the image reads: "Many of the northern States have refused to grant to their own citizens a trial by jury, lest slaveholders should have too much trouble in stealing men. Massachusetts, and New Jersey are the only exceptions.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1837]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1837 Ame Ant 52047.D.2 p 27, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2757

Title: The lips of the wise disperse knowledge
Description: Set in a school room, the image shows a white schoolmaster, who appears to be teaching a group of young African American boys to read. Holding books, the boys are grouped around him., Cover page of the Slave's Friend (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1836), vol. 1, no. 1 (1836)., Accompanied by the caption: "The lips of the wise disperse knowledge. -- Prov. xv.7.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1836]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per S 63 54051.D v 1 n 1 cover page, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2884

Title: The humanity of the Africo-Americans
Description: The setting is St. Domingo. A slave brings a basket of provisions to his owners, Monsieur and Madame Baillon, and appraises them of an imminent revolt by other slaves. The loyal slave aids the couple, their daughter and son-in-law, and their two white servants in making an escape., Caption title vignette in the Anti-Slavery Record (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1835-1837), vol. II, no. III (March, 1836), whole no. 15, p. 1., Curator's note: Notice here the use of the term "Africo-Americans," used infrequently but persistently by some African Americans and abolitionists from at least the early 1830s through the Civil War period. Common usage of "blacks" and "Africans" was supplanted in the 1820s with "Negro" common among whites, and "Colored" among most African Americans. As in all the terms used to described black Americans over time, there is a nationalist-assimilationist dichotomy here, with "Africo-Americans" suggesting a separate nationality and culture, and "Colored" suggesting darker-hued members of the common American nation and culture., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [March 1836]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per A 245 60026.D v 2 n 3 cover page, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2848

Title: The runaway
Description: In the center of the image, a black barber from Buffalo urges a white ferryman to launch the boat that will carry a runaway Georgia slave and his family across the Niagara River to Canada. Just as the boat leaves shore, the slave's master arrives on horseback. Brandishing a pistol, he attempts to prevent their passage., Caption title vignette in the Anti Slavery Record (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1835-1837), vol. II, no. IV [VI] (June, 1836), whole no. 18, p. 1., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Fugitives.
Date: [June 1836]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per A 245 60026.D v 2 n 6 cover page, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2851

Title: "Incendiary pictures"
Description: This commonplace cut of a slave on the auction block was mass produced for use in southern newspapers to advertise slave sales. It appears in "The Anti-Slavery Record" as a stroke of irony. Opponents of abolition denounced the antislavery movement for its agitational pamphlets and newspapers, and particularly for its use of what opponents termed "incendiary pictures" of southern slavery. The editors note: "The cast from which it was taken was manufactured in this city, for the southern trade, by a firm of stereotypers, who, on account of the same southern trade, refuse to stereotype the Record, because it contained just such pictures! Now, how does it come to pass, that this said picture when printed in southern newspapers is perfectly harmless, but when printed in the Anti-Slavery Records is perfectly incendiary?", Illustration in the Anti-Slavery Record (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1835-1837), vol. II, no. VII (July, 1836), whole no. 19, p. 12., Small caption underneath the image reads: Who bids?, Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [July 1836]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per A 245 60026.D v 2 n 7 p 12, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2852

Title: How can it be done?
Description: Image depicts a mob of slaveholders who are raiding an abolitionist press. Members of the mob are dragging off a broken printing press., Illustration in the Anti-Slavery Record (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1835-1837), vol. II, no. IX (September, 1836), whole no. 21, p. 1., Curator's note: This is one of several antislavery graphics depicting the proslavery assault on the antislavery movement and their demand for the suppression of antislavery literature. This and several other illustrations link antislavery agitation to first amendment freedoms., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [September 1836]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per A 245 60026.D v 2 n 9 cover page, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2853

Title: How slavery honors our country's flag
Description: Image shows a procession of enchained slaves marching in double file. The procession is led by two fiddlers, and toward the middle of the line, a slave waves an American flag. An overseer on horseback follows alongside the procession, cracking his whip., Caption title vignette in the Anti-Slavery Record (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1835-1837), vol. I, no. 2 (February, 1835), p. 13., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [February 1835]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per A 245 16998.D v 1 n 2 cover page, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2854

Title: Scenes in the city prison of New York
Description: This scene is set in front of Bridewell prison in New York. The black man shown here is a Virginia slave who escaped to New York. Before being arrested as a fugitive, the man found employment and a loving wife, the woman who kneels in front of him. In this scene, the man is being released from prison into the custody of his owner, who plans to take him back to Virigina., Caption title vignette in the Anti-Slavery Record (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1835-1837), vol. I, no. 7, p. 73., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [July 1835]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per A 245 16998.D v 1 n 7 cover page, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2857

Title: The runaway
Description: Full length, right profile view of a runaway slave dressed in a collared shirt and a buttoned jacket, and carrying a bundle on his back., Caption title vignette in the Anti-Slavery Record (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1835-1837), vol. III, no. VII (July, 1937), whole no. 31, p. 1., Small caption underneath the image reads: "This picture of a poor fugitive is from one of the stereotype cuts manufactured in this city for the southern market, and used on handbills offering rewards for runaway slaves.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Fugitives.
Date: [July 1837]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per A 245 16998.D v 3 n 7 cover page, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2860

Title: A fact with a short commentary
Description: Lunging forward onto his left knee, a slaveowner points a double-barreled rifle at a male slave who is stretched out on the ground beneath him. Propping himself up with his left arm, the slave uses his right arm to gesture toward the slaveowner in a protective manner. The slaveowner's hat, which rests on the ground, and an overturned table in the background suggest that the action has proceeded quickly. In the background, the slave's child watches from the doorway of his hut., Caption title vignette in the Anti-Slavery Record (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1835-1837), vol. II, no. I (January, 1836), whole no. 13, p. 1., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [January 1836]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per A 245 60026.D v 2 n 1 cover page, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2846

Title: History of the slave, James
Description: Image is set in the Philadelphia-area household of a family of freed and escaped slaves. Having located the family, the slaves' owner, shown in the center, has come with two assistants to reclaim a slave named James, the man who is being forced out of the door in the background right. James's mother, an elderly freed slave named Harriet, battles with her former owner in the center of the scene. She bears the breast she once used to nurse him and begs for mercy. Harriett's husband and James's wife appear to the left, while James and Harriett's newborn baby sleeps in a cradle to the right., Caption title vignette in the Anti-Slavery Record (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1835-1837), vol. II, no. II (February, 1836), whole no. 14, p 1., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [February 1836]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per A 245 60026.D v 2 n 2 cover page, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2847

Title: A Northern freeman enslaved by Northern hands
Description: Image depicts an incident that occurred in the North (presumably, New York) in November, 1836. Peter John Lee, a free black man from Westchester, New York, was kidnapped by Tobias Boudinot, E.K. Waddy, John Lyon, and Daniel D. Nash, all of New York City, who gagged and chained him, and then hurried him away from his wife and children into slavery., Illustration in the American Anti-Slavery Almanac, for 1839 (New York: Published for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1838), p. 19., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1838]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1838 Ame Ant 16996.D.3 p 19, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2764

Title: Emancipated slaves can take care of themselves
Description: At the left, the illustration depicts a free black man, or a "paid" laborer. He works vigorously with a hoe, and is dressed in a suit and top hat. At the right, a slave, or an "unpaid" laborer, is shown. He also works with a hoe, but unlike his counterpart, he is barely dressed, and looks weak and despondent., Illustration in the American Anti-Slavery Almanac, for 1839 (New York: Published for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1838), p. 21., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1838]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1838 Ame Ant 16996.D.3 p 21, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2765

Title: Southern arguments to stop the mouths of Northern guests
Description: According to the caption, this domestic interior shows a Northern man who moved to the South and married into a slave-owning family. Seated at a lavish table, the man and his family enjoy the fruits of slave labor. Through the left-hand window, a slave is being whipped by an overseer. A few other slaves can be seen through the window on the right., Illustration in the American Anti-Slavery Almanac, for 1839 (New York: Published for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1838), p. 23., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1838]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1838 Ame Ant 16996.D.3 p 23, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2766

Title: [African climbing palm tree]
Description: Included in Chapter III, the engraving accompanies Winterbottom's discussion of the uses of the palm tree in Sierra Leone. Using an elliptical hoop, a man climbs a palm tree to procure wine. On the ground, another man points at him, and a mother walks with two small children. "To procure the palm wine," Winterbottom explained, "requires no small degree of agility and address." Describing this process in detail, he wrote, "As the trunk of the tree is too rough to allow the hands and knees to be applied in climbing to its summit, the natives use a kind of hoop of an elliptical form, made of bamboo, and open at one side. The person about to ascend, first passes the hoop round the stem of the tree, including himself also, he then fastens the hoop by twisting its two ends into a kind of knot. The hands are applied to the sides of the hoop, while the feet are firmly pressed against the tree, and the lower part of the back supported by the opposite end of the hoop. In order to advance, the person thus prepared draws his body a little forwards, keeping his feet steady, and at the same moment slips the hoop a little higher up the tree, after which he advances a step or two with his feet. In this manner he alternately raises the hoop and his feet, and thus advancing, he gains at length the upper part of the stem, just below where the branches are thrown off. Here, at the height of 50 or 60 feet, with no other support than the pressure of his feet against the tree, and of his back against the hoop, he sits with perfect composure. In a small bag hung round his neck or arm he carries an anger to bore the tree, and a gourd or calibash to receive the wine. A hole is bored, about half an inch deep, below the crown of the tree, and into this is inserted a leaf rolled up like a funnel, the other end of it being put into the mouth of a calibash capable of containing several quarts, which is filled in the course of a single night. . . . When the palm wine has been drawn off, the hole is carefully filled up with mud, to prevent insects from depositing their eggs in it, the larvae of which would destroy the tree." (p. 61-62), Plate in Thomas Winterbottom's An Account of the Native Africans in the Neighborhood of Sierra Leone; to which is Added, an Account of the Present State of Medicine Among Them (London: Printed by C. Whittingham, Dean Street; and sold by John Hatchard, 199, Piccadilly, and J. Mawman, Poultry, 1803), vol. 1, p. 60., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography
Date: 1803
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare U Afr Winte 3027.O v 1 p 60, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2937

Title: Maisons des Negres du Cap Mezurado
Description: Accompanying chapter sixteen, "Du Cap Mesurado. Sa Description," the engraving shows a small African settlement at Cape Mesurade (in modern Liberia). The buildings include a kitchen (left), a residence, and a small hut fashioned out of red clay. A public square and a meeting-place occupy the space immediately outside the settlement's walls., Fold-out plate in Jean Baptiste Labat's Voyage du chevalier Des Marchais en Guinée, isles voisines, et a Cayenne, Fait en 1725, 1726, & 1727 (A Amsterdam: aux dépens de la Compaigne, M.DCC.XXXI [1731], vol. 1, p. 104., Key underneath the engraving reads as follows: A. Cazes des Negres du Cap de Mezurade reuetues de terre Rouge. B. Cuisine. C. Caze a mil et Rise maçonée de terre Rouge. D. Caldé ou les Negres s'assemblent pour leur Negoce et Causer pendant le jour. E. Cour. F. Place publique., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Creator: Putter, K. De, engraver
Date: 1731
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1731 Lab 1691.D v 1 p 104, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2668

Title: After what manner the Hottentots secure their cattle in the night ; The carriage - oxen of the Hottentots
Description: Included in Chapter XV, "Of the Hottentot Management with Regard to their Cattle," the plates describe aspects of animal husbandry, as practiced by the Hottentot [i.e. Khoikoin] peoples. As the title suggests, the top engraving shows the manner in which the Khoikoin secured cattle during the night. The image is described in section XIV, where Kolb wrote, "I shall now shew after what Manner the Hottentots secure their cattle in the Night. The Cots of a Kraal [defined variously as a hut, an entire village, an enclosure, or a corral], as I have said already, are rang'd in a Circle, the Area of which is quite open. There is but one Entrance into a Kraal and that a narrow one. Between Five and Six in the Evening, as I have said too, the Hottentots generally drive their Cattle from Pasture. . . . On the Area of the Kraal they lodge the Calves and all the small Cattle. And round the Kraal, on the Outside, they range the great Cattle, their Heads close up to the Cots. Their Great Cattle, so rang'd, they tie, Two and Two together, by the Feet, to prevent their Struggling." (p. 176) The bottom engraving shows the oxen of the Khoikoin, of which Kolb said the followiing, "The Hottentots have likewise great Numbers of Oxen for Carriage. These too are very strong and stately Creatures, chosen out of the Herds at about the Age of Two Years, by old Men, well skill'd in Cattle. When they have destin'd an Ox to carry Burthens, they take and throw him on his Back on the Ground; and fastening his Head and Feet, as they do those of a Bull when they geld him, they make a Hole with a sharp Knife through his upper Lip, between his Nostrils. Into this Hole they put a stick, about half an Inch thick, and a Foot and a Half long, with a Hook at Top to prevent its falling through. By this hook'd Stick they break him to Obedience and Good Behaviour: For if he refuses to be govern'd, or to carry the Burthens they lay upon him, they fix his Nose by this hook'd Stick to the Ground; and there hold it till he comes to a better Temper." (p. 180-81), Page from Peter Kolb's The Present State of the Cape of Good Hope (London: Printed for W. Innys and R. Manby, at the west end of St. Paul's, MDCCXXXVIII [1738]), vol. 1, p. 174., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1738]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare U Afri Kolb 532.O v 1 p 174, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2918

Title: The kraals and hutts of the Hottentots ; The Hottentot skinner
Description: Top engraving accompanies Chapter XVIII, "Of the Kraals, or Villages, of the Hottentots; their Huts and Hut-Furniture." It shows a Khoikhoin kraal, or village, in the background. As Kolb wrote, "I have seen Hundreds of Kraals, and never saw one that consisted of less than Twenty Huts. There are many so large that the Huts are not easily counted: And it is, in the Eye of a Hottentot, a very contemptible Kraal that contains not more than a Hundred Souls. The Generality of the Kraals contain each from Three Hundred to Four Hundred Souls. Some contain about Five Hundred. On the Area of a Kraal they can and do sometimes lodge several Thousands of Small Cattle." (p. 218) The foreground of the engraving features two oval-shaped Khoikhoin huts, one only partially built. According to Kolb, these huts usually ranged from ten to fourteen feet in diameter. They were built with flexible wooden sticks, which were then covered with animal skins. As Kolb explained, the top of the hut was rarely "so high that a man could stand under it erect." (p. 221) Bottom engraving shows a Khoikhoin skinner, and accompanies Chapter XIX, "Of Certain Handy-Crafts the Hottentots exercise among themselves." Referring to the engraving, Kolb wrote: "I shall now let the Reader into the Art and Mystery of a Hottentot Skinner. He takes a Sheep Skin, fresh and reeking from the Back of the Sheep, and rubs into it as much Fat as he can. At this Work he takes Abundance of Pains; and the Effect is, that the Skin is thereby render'd tough and smooth, and the Wool or Hair is secur'd from Falling off. This is All he does if he dresses a Sheep-Skin for an European: And he does the same, and no more, if he dresses the Skin of a Wild Beast for him. And, whatever the Reader may think of the Matter, a Skin dress'd in this Manner by a Hottentot is a very curious Piece of Work." (p. 232), Page from Peter Kolb's The Present State of the Cape of Good Hope (London: Printed for W. Innys and R. Manby, at the west end of St. Paul's, MDCCXXXVIII [1738]), vol. 1, p. 218., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1738]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare U Afri Kolb 532.O v 1 p 218, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2919

Title: The Hottentots butcher ; The Hottentot mat-maker, potter & c
Description: Engravings accompany Chapter XIX, "Of certain Handy-Crafts the Hottentots exercise among themselves." In the foreground of the top image, two pairs of Hottentot [i.e. Khoikhoin] men work separately to butcher two oxen. In the left background, two other men butcher a sheep. A fourth pair boils water in cauldrons; and two others (right) hold the entrails of another animal. The bottom image shows several Hottentot mat-makers and a potter, all of whom appear to be women. (As Kolb wrote, the mat-makers "are, for the most Part, women: And they are very expert in their Business." [p. 236]) In the engraving, the mat-makers are involved in various stages of production: one background figure cuts the reeds out of which the mats will be woven; another woman carries the reeds, and yet another (slightly left of center) lays them on the ground to dry. The woman sitting on the partially finished mat is most likely weaving. In the foreground, a mat-maker strips reeds, while a potter makes a bowl. Several small pots are shown on the ground., Page from Peter Kolb's The Present State of the Cape of Good Hope (London: Printed for W. Innys and R. Manby, at the west end of St. Paul's, MDCCXXXVIII [1738]), vol. 1, p. 226., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1738]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare U Afri Kolb 532.O v 1 p 226, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2920

Title: An inhabitant of Angola
Description: Portrait image of an Angolan man. Subject wears only a tall head-piece, seemingly made of feathers, and a ribbon around his genitals. He holds a long spear in his right hand. An Angolan idol appears in the sky in the background. On the preceding page, Hebert wrote, "In Angola the people are fearfull blacke, their Religion is Ethnick, the Idols are of great esteeme amongst them, and called Mokisso, generally they are so wedded to Superstition, that some adore the Deuill in forme of a bloudie Dragon. Others a Ram-goat, a Leopard, a Batt, an Owle, a Snake or Dogge, to whom they ceremoniously kneele and bow vnto, groueling then vpon the Earth, they throw dust on their faces, and offer Hearbes, Rice, Rootes, Fruits, and such like, which is deuoured by the Witches, a Monster not a little feared and esteemed of amongst these Deuillish Sauages." (p. 8), Illustration in Sir Thomas Hebert's A relation of some yeares travaile, begvnne anno 1626: Into Afrique and the greater Asia, especially the territories of the Persian monarchie: and some parts of the Orientall Indies, and iles adiacent. Of their religion, language, habit, discent, ceremonies, and other matters concerning them . . . (London: Printed by William Stansby, and Jacob Bloome, 1634), p. 9., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Creator: Marshall, William, fl. 1617-1650, engraver
Date: [1634]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare *Stc 13190 902.F (Preston) p 9, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2892

Title: Supplice d'un homme et d'une femme adulteres a Juda
Description: A woman accused of adultery is burned at the stake in front of a large crowd in Juda (French Guiana). A man accused of the same sits in a pit next to her and watches as her body is consumed by flames and smoke. (Presumably, he is about to receive the same punishment.) Drummers, men with rifles, and women carrying pots number among the hundreds of onookers. The women's pots may contain some type of accelerant, for one of the women pours liquid onto the head of the adulterous man., Fold-out plate in Jean Baptiste Labat's Voyage du chevalier Des Marchais en Guinée, isles voisines, et a Cayenne, Fait en 1725, 1726, & 1727 (A Amsterdam: aux dépens de la Compaigne, M.DCC.XXXI [1731], vol. 2, p. 66., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1731]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1731 Lab 1691.D v 2 p 66, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2669

Title: Nigritae exhaustis venis metallicis conficiendo saccharo operam dare debent
Description: This woodcut is one of the earliest known illustrations of sugar making in the New World. In the right foreground, two slaves gather and strip stalks of sugar cane. Kneeling on the ground in the center of the scene, another slave feeds the stalks into a sugar mill. In the lower left-hand corner, the sugar juice extracted from the stalks is boiled in a large cauldron; the unrefined sugar is placed in the pots next to it. In the background, numerous slaves are show at work: some cut cane in the fields, some carry it in bundles, others transport pots of unrefined sugar., Plate I Girolamo Benzoni's Americae pars quinta nobilis & admiratione plena Hieronymi Bezoni Mediolanensis, secundae sectionis h[istor]ia[e] Hispanorum: tum in Indos crudelitatem, Gallorumq[ue] pirataru[m] de Hispanis toties reportata spolia: . . . (Francofurti ad Moenum: Theodoro de Bry. Leod. cive Franc, 1595), part V of DeBry's Voyages., DeBry's illustration is based on the following passage in Benzoni's text from the translation of his work by W.H. Smith: "When the natives of this island (Espanola) began to be extirpated, the Spaniards provided themselves with blacks (Mori) from Guinea . . . and they have brought great numbers thence. When there were mines, they made them work at the gold and silver; but since those came to an end they have increased the sugar-works, and in these and in tending the flocks they are chiefly occupied, besides serving their masters in all else." (History of the New World by Girolamo Benzoni, of Milan. Shewing his travels in America, from A.D. 1541 to 1556 . . . Now first translated, and edited by Rear-Admiral W.H. Smyth (London: Printed for the Hakluyt Society, 1857) p. 93., Illustrations in part V of Benzoni's Voyages were engraved by Theodor DeBry after drawings by Joannes Stradanus., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Work Scenes.
Creator: Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598, engraver
Date: [1595]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare *Am 1590 Har (b.w) Log 1076.F plate I, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2658

Title: Nigritae in scrutandis venis metallicis ab Hispanis in Insulas Abelgantur
Description: This mining scene is one of the earliest known illustrations of slave labor in the New World. Under the supervision of the Spaniards, several slaves pour buckets of molten metal onto the ground; others work in the caves seen in the background., Plate II in Girolamo Benzoni's Americae pars quinta nobilis & admiratione plena Hieronymi Bezoni Mediolanensis, secundae sectionis h[istor]ia[e] Hispanorum: tum in Indos crudelitatem, Gallorumq[ue] pirataru[m] de Hispanis toties reportata spolia: . . . (Francofurti ad Moenum: Theodoro de Bry. Leod. cive Franc, 1595), part V of DeBry's Voyages., DeBry's illustration is based on the following passage in Benzoni's text from the translation of his work by W.H. Smyth: "When the natives of this island (Espanola) began to be extirpated, the Spaniards provided themselves with blacks (Mori) from Guinea . . . and they have brought great numbers thence. When there were mines, they made them work at the gold and silver; but since those came to an end they have increased the sugar-works, and in these and in tending the flocks they are chiefly occupied, besides serving their masters in all else." (History of the New World by Girolamo Benzoni, of Milan. Shewing his travels in America, from A.D. 1541 to 1556 . . . Now first translated, and edited by Rear-Admiral W.H. Smyth (London: Printed for the Hakluyt Society, 1857) p. 93., Illustrations in part V of DeBry's Voyages were engraved by Theodor DeBry after drawings by Joannes Stradanus., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Work Scenes.
Creator: Bry, Theodor de, 1528-1598, engraver
Date: [1595]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare *Am 1590 Har (b.w) Log 1076.F plate II, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2659

Title: Commerce des Esclaves
Description: Two male slaves, who are bound together at the ankle, are bought by a European slave-trader. The figure to the left is most likely an African slave-trader. The man smokes a pipe and holds a small child by the hand. In the lower left-hand corner, a woman grinds corn ("coscou") with a mortar and pestle. An infant is tied to her back. Behind the group, three slaves paddle a small boat on the ocean ("comme les Negres rament de bout"). A larger vessel, possibly a slave-ship, is visible in the background., Plate in François Froger's Relation d'un voyage fait en 1695, 1696 & 1697: aux côtes d'Afrique, détroit de Magellan, Brezil, Cayenne & isles Antilles, par une escadre des vaisseaux du roy, commandée par M. de Gennes (A Paris: Imprimée par les soins & aux frais du sieur de Fer, geographe de Monseigneur le dauphin. Dans l'isle du Palais, sur le quay de l'Horloge, à la Sphere royale: Et chez G. Saugrain dans la grande salle du Palais, à la Croix d'or., M.DC.XCVIII. [1698]), p. 16., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Images from the Slave Trade.
Creator: Inselin, C., engraver
Date: [1698]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1698 Froge 578.D p 16, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2662

Title: Chaine d'esclaves venant de l'interieur [Senegal]
Description: Having been captured in the country's interior, six Senegalese slaves are led by two European slave-traders who carry swords and long spears. The slaves march in a line; each wears a collar that is attached to a long pole that rests on their shoulders and extends down the line., Illustration in René Geoffroy de Villeneuve's L'Afrique, ou Histoire, meours, usages et coutumes des africains: Le Sénégal (Paris: Nepveu, libraire, passage des Panoramas, no. 26, 1814), vol. 4, p. 41., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Scenes from the Slave Trade.
Date: [1814]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare U Afri R.G.V. 65954.D v 4 p 40, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2931

Title: Negre jouant du balafo
Description: Sitting in the doorway of a hut, an African man plays a wooden xylophone called the balafo (i.e. balo). A detail of the balafo, common in Senegambia, is shown at the top., Plate in Jean Baptiste Laban's Nouvelle relation de l'Afrique occidentale: contenant une description exacte du Senegal & des Pais situés entre le Cap-Blanc & la riviere de Serrelionne, jusqu'à plus de 300. lieues en avant dans les terres. L'histoire naturelle de ces pais, les differentes nations qui y sont répandues, leurs religions & leurs moeurs. Avec l'etat ancien et présent des compagnies qui y font le commerce (A Paris: Chez Pierre-François Giffart, rue Saint Jacques, à Sainte Therese, M.DCC.XXVIII [1728]), vol. 2, p. 332, Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1728]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare U Afri Labat 65539.D v 2 p 332, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2921

Title: Tisserand negre
Description: Included in Chapter XV, "Arts et Industrie," the engraving shows an African weaver with her loom. A similar loom appears in the frontispiece for the London Yearly Meeting's Report of the committee managing a fund raised by some friends for the purpose of promoting African instruction (London, 1822)., Illustration in René Geoffroy de Villeneuve's L'Afrique, ou Histoire, meours, usages et coutumes des africains: Le Sénégal (Paris: Nepveu, libraire, passage des Panoramas, no. 26, 1814), vol. 4, p. 180., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1814]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare U Afri R.G.V. 65954.D v 4 p 180, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2933

Title: Negresse battant le coton au lieu de le carder
Description: Included in Chapter XV, "Arts et Industrie," the engraving shows an African woman beating cotton into threads. The cotton, which had already been ginned, was placed on a stiff mat and hit with a baton., Illustration in René Geoffroy de Villeneuve's L'Afrique, ou Histoire, meours, usages et coutumes des africains: Le Sénégal (Paris: Nepveu, libraire, passage des Panoramas, no. 26, 1814), vol. 4, p. 181., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1814]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare U Afri R.G.V. 65954.D v 4 p 181, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2934

Title: Negresse filant le coton
Description: Included in Chapter XV, "Arts et Industrie," the engraving shows an African woman spinning cotton. She holds a spool in each hand, and sits on a mat with a large basket of cotton next to her., Illustration in René Geoffroy de Villeneuve's L'Afrique, ou Histoire, moeurs, usages et coutumes des africains: Le Sénégal (Paris: Nepveu, libraire, passage des Panoramas, no. 26, 1814), vol. 4, p. 182., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1814]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare U Afri R.G.V. 65954.D v 4 p 182, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2935

Title: Negresse etudiant le jeu de Ouri
Description: Included in Chapter XVII, "Chasse, Pêche, Musique et Divertissemens," the engraving shows a young African woman learning to play Ouri, a popular "pit and pebble" game known throughout Africa under several names, including Oware and mancaga. In the accompanying text, Villeneuve wrote that Ouri (and similar games) were too complicated to be described simply. He noted, however, that girls usually learned to play the game around the age of ten., Illustration in René Geoffroy de Villeneuve's L'Afrique, ou Histoire, moeurs, usages et coutumes des africains: Le Sénégal (Paris: Nepveu, libraire, passage des Panoramas, no. 26, 1814), vol. 4, p. 205., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1814]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare U Afri R.G.V. 65954.D v 4 p 205, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2936

Title: [The king of Benin and his army]
Description: Shows the King of Benin (second from right), and the members of his army. As Ogilby explained, in one day, the king could raise "twenty thousand Men in Arms, and in time of need, eighty, or a hundred thousand: so becomes dreadful to all his Neighbors." According to Ogilby, the common soldiers usually left "the upper part of the Their Body naked, but on the lower [wore] a Cloth as fine as Silk." (p. 474) Members of nobility clothed themselves in scarlet ("as a Badge of Eminency"), or wore "Gorgets of Elephants and Leopard-Teeth, and high red Caps, Wrought and Quilted with Leopards and Civet-Cat Skins; unto which hangs a long Horse Tail for Ornament"). (p. 474), Illustration in John Ogilby's Africa: Being an accurate description of the regions of Aegypt, Barbary, Lybia, and Billedulgerid: the Land of Negroes, Guinee, and Aethiopia, and Abyssines, with all the adjacent islands, either in the Mediterranean, Atlantick, Southern, or Oriental Sea, belonging thereunto (London: Printed by Tho. Johnson, for the author, and are to be had at his house in White Fryers, M.DC.LXX [1670]), p. 475., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1670]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare *Wing O163 14.F p 475, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2959

Title: [The king's seat]
Description: Shows the throne or ("seat") of an African King in Nether-Ethiopia. According to Ogilby's text, "The Stool, or Seat, whereupon he sits, stands raised upon a Foot-pace, dressed with white and black Wickers, very artificially Woven, and other sorts of curious adornings; behind his Back hangs on a Pole a Shield, cover'd with divers party-colour'd Stuffs, brought out of Europe. Near him stand also six of eight Fanns, by them call'd Pos, or Mani, and containing in length and breadth half a Fathom, at the upper end of a long Stick which runs through the middle of it, having a round Brim, in form of a half Globe fasten'd, interwoven with little Horns, and with white and black Parrots Feathers between: Those Fanns certain People, which the King keeps for that purpose, move with great force, which agitating the Air, causes a refreshing and pleasant coolness. Before the King's seat lieth spread a great Cloth twenty Fathom long, and twelve broad, made of quilted Leaves sew'd together, upon which none may go but the King and his Children; but round it they leave room for two or three persons to pass by, the Nobility sitting in long Ranks, every one with a Buffles Tail in his Hand, which for the most part they move in the preference of the King: Some sit upon the bare Ground; others upon Cloathes made of the same Stuff with the King's: Behind them stand the People; as behind the King all his great Officers, not few in number." (p. 507), Illustration in John Ogilby's Africa: Being an Accurate Description of the Regions of Aegypt, Barbary, Lybia, and Billedulgerid: the Land of Negroes, Guinee, and Aethiopia, and Abyssines, with all the Adjacent Islands, either in the Mediterranean, Atlantick, Southern, or Oriental Sea, Belonging Thereunto (London: Printed by Tho. Johnson, for the author, and are to be had at his house in White Fryers, M.DC.LXX [1670]), p. 507., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1670]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare *Wing O163 14.F p 507, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2960

Title: [Ehem, or little boats, and jenge-jenge, or African bridges, in Negroland]
Description: Engraving shows two ehem (or canoes), which were commonly used in Negroland. On the left, two men build an ehem, while a third wades through the water with a bundle of wood on his back. To the right, five men paddle a finished ehem. As Ogilby wrote, "Along the whole Coast the Inhabitants use light and nimble Boats, or Sloops; by them call'd, Ehem; by the Portuguese, Almades; and by the English and others, Canoos: with which they go some Leagues to Sea, and row up the Rivers from one place to another: They are made of one entire piece of Wood, or the body of a Tree cut long-ways with Cutting-Knives; then made hollow on the sides, and narrow above, with a flat bottom, and without any covering over head; the Ends before and behind narrow, and close together as a Hand-bow, and almost in the same fashion; the Head somewhat lower, the Sides a finger thick, and the Bottom two: And after the hollowing, they burn the Wood with Straw, to prevent Worms, and cleaving by the Sun. At each End the Canoo hath a Bowe like a Galley, a foot long, and a Knob a hand thick, whereby the Blacks carry them in and out of the Water upon their shoulders; for they suffer them not to lie soaking in the water, but set them upon Props to dry; by which means they both preserve them from rotting, and make them more pliable and swift in the using. Behind they have a Rudder like an Oar, being a long Stick with a round leaf at it: The common ones, wherewith they go out a Fishing, are generally sixteen foot long, five broad, and three foot high; some so large, that fifty or sixty men may stand in them with their Arms; which sort are made about Cape de tres Puntas, because there grows mighty large Trees, being seventeen or eighteen fathom in thickness. They lie not high with their Sides above water, but oftentimes he that steers the Helm, sits with his body most in the water: The small ones will hold onely one man in the Breadth, but seven or eight in the Length; which are rowed with Oars made of hard wood, in shape of a Spade, with an extraordinary dexterity Galley-fashion; and make such swift way in Still water, that they seem to flye, but in Rough-water they will not go forward so fast: The smaller sort, by reason of their narrowness, overset very easily which the Negroe's with great facility turn and leap into again." (p. 454-55), Illustration in John Ogilby's Africa: Being an accurate description of the regions of Aegypt, Barbary, Lybia, and Billedulgerid: the Land of Negroes, Guinee, and Aethiopia, and Abyssines, with all the adjacent islands, either in the Mediterranean, Atlantick, Southern, or Oriental Sea, Belonging Thereunto (London: Printed by Tho. Johnson, for the author, and are to be had at his house in White Fryers, M.DC.LXX [1670]), p. 454 (bottom)., A closely related version of the engraving (mirror image) was published in Pieter van der Aa's La galerie agreable du monde (Leyden: 1729?) under the title Ehem, ou canots, petits bateaux, et Jenge-Jenge ou ponts des Africains., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1670]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare *Wing O163 14.F p 454 B, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2958

Title: Dracht en wapening der Hottentots = The Hottentots clothing and their dress
Description: Set in a lush landscape near the Cape of Good Hope, the illustration features a group of Khoikoin, also known (pejoratively) as the Hottentots. Engraving accompanies a passage in which Ogilby offers a detailed description of their clothing and weapons. "Their Clothing is very sordid, and vile, most of the Men wearing onely a Sheeps Pelt, or Badgers Skin, in manner of a Mantle about their Shoulders, with the hairy side commonly within, and ty'd under their Chin. Such a Mantle consists of three Pieces, neatly sew'd together with Sinews of Beasts in stead of Threed. When they go abroad, or upon a Journey, they throw another Sheeps-skin, with the Wool on the out-side, over the undermost. Upon their Heads they wear a Cap of Lamb-skin, with the Woolly side inward, and a Button on the top. Their shoes are made of a Rhincerot's Skin, and consists of a whole flat Piece, before and behind of a like heighth, with a Cross of two Leather-bands fasten'd to their Feet. Before their Privacies hangs a little piece of a wild Wood-Cat, or ring-streaked Tyger, or Jack-alls Skin, ty'd behind with two Thongs. The Habit of the Women differs little from the former, being a Sheep-skin Mantle on the upper part of their Bodies, with the Wool inwards; but somewhat longer than the Men; also another Skin hanging behind to cover their back-parts, and a square Piece before their Privacies. On their Heads they wear a high Cap of a Sheeps, or Badgers Skin, bound to their Heads with a broad Fillet: In all the rest following the Mens Garb. . . . Many of them wear as an Ornament, the Guts of Beasts, fresh and stinking, drawn two or three times one through another, about their Necks, and the like about their Legs . . . . When they go abroad they have usually an Ostrich Feather, or a Staff, with a wild Cats Tail ty'd to it, in one Hand, in stead of a Handkerchief to wipe their Eyes and Noses, and beat away the Dust, Sand, and Flies, and in the other Hand a sleight Javelin. The Women never go abroad without a Leather Sack at their backs, having at each end a Tuft or Taffel, fill'd with one trifle or another. Their Weapons, or Arms, are Bowes and Arrows, and small Darts, three, four, or five Foot long, having at one end a broad sharp Iron fixed, which they handle and throw very dexterously." (p. 590-91), Double-page plate in John Ogilby's Africa: Being an Accurate Description of the Regions of Aegypt, Barbary, Lybia, and Billedulgerid: the Land of Negroes, Guinee, and Aethiopia, and Abyssines, with all the Adjacent Islands, either in the Mediterranean, Atlantick, Southern, or Oriental Sea, Belonging Thereunto (London: Printed by Tho. Johnson, for the author, and are to be had at his house in White Fryers, M.DC.LXX [1670]), p. 590., A seemingly identical copy of this engraving appeared in Pieter van der Aa's La Galerie agreable du monde (Leyden: 1729?). The Leyden version was signed by van der Aa., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Africa: Images, Maps, and Geography.
Date: [1670]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare *Wing O163 14.F p 590, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2962

Title: [Punishments for deserters]
Description: Two scenes show methods for punishing runaway slaves. As the caption suggests, the top image shows the way in which Portuguese colonizers punished captured fugitives: here, a slave-owner whips a slave who hangs by his neck from a tree limb. A form of punishment invented in Martinique is shown at the bottom left: a standing slave is forced to wear a collar around his neck and a shackle around his right ankle. The two are connected by a short chain that forces the slave to bend his right leg backward and support all of his weight on his left leg. Lastly, the bottom right illustrates one slave's punishment for having escaped: his leg was amputated above the knee., Plate in François Froger's Relation d'un voyage fait en 1695, 1696 & 1697: aux côtes d'Afrique, détroit de Magellan, Brezil, Cayenne & isles Antilles, par une escadre des vaisseaux du roy, commandée par M. de Gennes (A Paris: Imprimée par les soins & aux frais du sieur de Fer, geographe de Monseigneur le dauphin. Dans l'isle du Palais, sur le quay de l'Horloge, à la Sphere royale: Et chez G. Saugrain dans la grande salle du Palais, à la Croix d'or., M.DC.XCVIII. [1698]), p. 150., Caption accompanying the top scene reads: "Comme les Portugais fouettent leurs Esclaves lors quils ont deserté." The caption on the bottom left reads: "Invention d'un François de la Martinique;" the one on the right reads: "Esclave qui a la Jambe coupee pour avoir deserte.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Punishment Scenes.
Creator: Inselin, C., engraver
Date: [1698]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1698 Froge 578.D p 150, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2663

Title: [Methods and instruments of restraint, plate II]
Description: Illustration shows some types of restraints used by Mundingo (African) slave merchants when marching groups of slaves from Bambarra to Galam. Referring to Fig. I, Clarkson explained: "AA represents two separate pieces of wood, which in the Fig. 2, 3 are made fast to the necks of two Negroes by means of cords, which are composed of the roots of trees, and are in use in those countries. Many of the Negroes were accustomed to be driven before the Mundingoes, one by one, each with this instrument on his neck." As Clarkson continued, "The second manner of conducting them is described in the same plate. Fig. 4 represents an instrument, which is of wood. Within the crutches of the instrument, which are at each end of it, are placed the necks of two Negroes in Fig. 5, which are confined in it at the extremities XX by means of certain cords, which are in use in that part of the world. Thus confined, two at a time, others of the Negroes, who were annually brought from Bambarra to Galam are said to have travelled." (p. 36), Plate in Thomas Clarkson's Letters on the Slave Trade, and the State of the Natives in those Parts of Africa, which are Contiguous to St. Louis and Goree (London: Printed and sold by James Phillips, Geroge Yard, Lombard Street, 1791), p. 36., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Punishment Scenes.
Date: [1791]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1791 Cla 619.Q plate II p 36, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2685

Title: [Methods and instruments of restraint, plate III]
Description: Illustration shows some types of restraints used by Mundingo (African) slave merchants when marching groups of slaves from Bambarra to Galam. In the accompanying text, Clarkson explained, "In Fig. 1, B represents a large log of wood, X a crutch at one end of it, and A a twisted cord to which it is fastened at the other. This log is made fast to a Negro's neck in Fig. 2. It is reported to be so heavy and unmanageable, that it is extremely difficult for the person who wears it to walk, much less to escape or run away. In travelling it is said to be necessary to lift up the log, that is thus fastened to the neck of each, and to place the crutch of it on the shoulder of every preceding slave. Budensome as this instrument may appear to be, it is rendered more light and portable by these means. In this way, then many of the Negro slaves from Bambarra to Galam have been made to travel as described in Fig. 3 of the same plate. When it has been necessary to halt, the crutch has been taken from the shoulders of each, and the person, who has worn it, has remained then as in Fig. 2, as unable to walk or manage himself as before, and has become almost as secure, as if he had been chained to the spot in which he had been made to halt. When it has been thought necessary to proceed, the log has again been put on the neck of every preceding slave." (p. 36-37), Plate in Thomas Clarkson's Letters on the Slave Trade, and the State of the Natives in those Parts of Africa, which are Contiguous to St. Louis and Goree (London: Printed and sold by James Phillips, Geroge Yard, Lombard Street, 1791), p. 36., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Punishment Scenes.
Date: [1791]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1791 Cla 619.Q plate III p 36, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2684

Title: [Thomas Cooper]
Description: Image depicts Thomas Cooper, a Maryland slave who escaped to Philadelphia, where he settled, found work, married, and raised a family. In this scene, Cooper's former owner, having learned of his whereabouts, has seized and handcuffed him, and is taking him back to Maryland. His wife and children beg for his release in vain. According to the accompanying text, Cooper's Philadelphia employers had offered to pay the slaveowner a large sum in return for his release, but their offer was refused., Illustration in the American Anti-Slavery Almanac, for 1838 (Boston: Published by D.K. Hitchcock, 1837), p. 19., Caption underneath the image reads: "Consider the desolation which would be brought upon YOUR family, if the head of it should be taken away. The slaves suffer, in such cases, FAR MORE than we, for they have few pleasures except those they derive from their companions in wo [sic].", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1837]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1837 Ame Ant 52047.D.2 p 19, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2753

Title: [Chain gang]
Description: Illustration shows seven male slaves in tattered clothing who are chained together by shackles around their necks. Holding shovels and other tools, they set off to work in a field., Illustration in the American Anti-Slavery Almanac, for 1838 (Boston: Published by D.K. Hitchcock, 1837), p. 21., Caption underneath the image reads: "The slaves are sometimes chained together when they go to work in the fields, lest their love of liberty should induce them to make violent efforts to escape.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1837]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1837 Ame Ant 52047.D.2 p 21, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2754

Title: [Whip and paddle]
Description: Set in a barn or work space, the illustrations shows an unclothed male slave who hangs from his wrists. To the right, a white overseer raises his whip. To the left, another white man holds the long handle of a paddle between his teeth. Rolling up his shirt sleeves, he prepares to participate in the beating. Further to the left, another white man violently restrains a slave who lies face down on the floor., Illustration in the American Anti-Slavery Almanac, for 1838 (Boston: Published by D.K. Hitchcock, 1837), p. 23., Caption underneath the image reads: "Sometimes a slave is tied up by the wrists, while the ancles [sic] are fastened to a staple in the floor. In this position, they are punished with the whip or with the paddle. This is an instrument of torture bored full of holes, each hole raising a blister.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1837]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1837 Ame Ant 52047.D.2 p 23, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2755

Title: [Thomas Cooper]
Description: Image depicts Thomas Cooper, a Maryland slave who escaped to Philadelphia, where he settled, found work, married, and raised a family. In this scene, Cooper's former owner, having learned of his whereabouts, has seized and handcuffed him, and is taking him back to Maryland. His wife and children beg for his release in vain. According to the accompanying text, Cooper's Philadelphia employers had offered to pay the slaveowner a large sum in return for his release, but their offer was refused., Cover of the American Anti-Slavery Reporter, vol. 1, no. 3 (March, 1834), p. 33., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Creator: Brown, G. L., engraver
Date: [March 1834]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per A 247 75432.O v 1 n 3 front cover, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2861

Title: [An emancipated family]
Description: Domestic scene showing the household of an emancipated black family. In the center of the scene, a woman stands with her infant child. She is flanked by her young son, who stands to the left, and by her husband and a third child, who are seen at the right. Seated on a low stool, the husband reads from a book, presumably the Bible. Some work gear and instruments hang on the wall: a basket, a straw hat, and two hoes. Another family can be seen through an open doorway, and a church is visible in the distant background., Cover page of Negro's Friend: on the ease, safety, and advantages of liberating the enslaved Negroes; and on compensation to their masters (London: Printed by Bagster and Thoms, 1830?)., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1830?]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1830 Neg Fri 67066.D front cover, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2731

Title: The poor mother
Description: Image portrays a distraught mother kneeling on a rock on the coast of Africa. She watches and gestures in vain as her children are ferried off in a boat by slavetraders., Illustration in the Slave's Friend (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1836), vol. 1, no. 3 (1836), p 3., Image accompanied by a plea in verse-form, which begins as follows: "HELP! oh help! thou God of Christians / Save a mother from despair; / Cruel white-men steal my children, / God of Christians! hear my prayer.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1836]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per S 63 54051.D v 1 n 3 p 3, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2885

Title: The praying child
Description: Kneeling in a field, a child slave dressed in a loose smock clasps her hands together in prayer. A basket rests beside her., Cover page of the Slave's Friend (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1836), vol. 1, no. X (1836)., Accompanied by the following verse: "Poor little slave! to thee was given / Thy simple, earnest trust in Heaven. / Pour out thy griefs to God above! / He hears thee with a Father's love.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1836]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per S 63 54051.D v 1 n X cover page, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2886

Title: A slave-ship
Description: Engraving shows two slave-traders as they throw a slave overboard. Two other slaves struggle in the ocean. This woodcut is a slightly altered version of the same scene appearing in "The Liberator," January 7, 1832. The original text notes the ship is a Brazilian slaver. Brazil collected duty on all imported slaves, and slave ship captains tossed sickly and likely unsalable slaves overboard before arrival to avoid paying the duty on them., Illustration in the Slave's Friend (New York: Published by R.G. Williams, for the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1836), vol. 1, no. X (1836), p. 14-15., Image is accompanied by a poem, which begins as follows: "Oh! I have don a cursed deed, / The wretched man replies, / And night and day, and every where, / 'Tis still before my eyes.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1836]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Per S 63 54051.D v 1 n X p 14-15, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2887

Title: All men born free and equal?
Description: Vignette accompanies the essay "Opinions of Travellers," a compilation of excerpts from various travel accounts. In addition to an American flag, the image includes a coffin and an assortment of weapons and objects associated with slavery. Many of these objects figure in the various authors' accounts., Vignette in Lydia Childs's the Oasis (Boston: Benjamin C. Bacon: Tuttle and Weeks, printers, No. 8, School Street, 1834), p. 241., Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Creator: Croome, William, 1790-1860, engraver
Date: [1834]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1834 Chi 70173.D.5 p 241, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2737

Title: Tearing up free papers
Description: A man restrains a free Southern black woman as another man destroys the papers that attest to her freedom. The woman's small child stands beside her. In the background, at least two figures are visible behind bars., Illustration in the American Anti-Slavery Almanac, for 1838 (Boston: Published by D.K. Hitchcock, 1837), p. 7., Caption underneath the image reads: "In the Southern States, every colored person is presumed to be a slave, till proved to be free; and they are often robbed of the proof.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1837]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1837 Ame Ant 52047.D.2 p 7, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2750

Title: [Family ties broken up]
Description: A black man in tattered clothing is dragged away from his family by four white men acting on behalf of his purchaser. The man's wife and three small children have been purchased by another slaveholder, and the family will be separated., Illustration in the American Anti-Slavery Almanac, for 1838 (Boston: Published by D.K. Hitchcock, 1837), p. 15., Caption underneath the image reads: "The purchaser of the husband has sent to have him dragged away. As he does not wish for the 'balance' of the family, they have been taken by different purchasers.", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1837]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1837 Ame Ant 52047.D.2 p 15, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2751

Title: [Mother taken away]
Description: Having been sold by her former mistress ("a wicked woman, a slaveholder, and a member of the Presbyterian church") to a new owner, a Kentucky slave shrieks and cries as she is torn away from her two children, ages seven and nine. The woman's new owner smokes and calmly looks on., Illustration in the American Anti-Slavery Almanac, for 1838 (Boston: Published by D.K. Hitchcock, 1837), p. 17., Verse underneath the image reads: "Ev'n her babes, so dear, so young, / And so treasured in her heart, / That the cords which round them clung, / Seemed its life, its dearest part; / These, ev'n these, were torn away! / These, that, when all else were gone, / Cheered the heart with one bright ray, / That still bade its pulse beat on!", Fels Afro-Americana Image Project, Anti-Slavery Movement Imagery.
Date: [1837]
Location: Library Company of Philadelphia | Books & Other Texts | Rare Am 1837 Ame Ant 52047.D.2 p 17, https://digital.librarycompany.org/islandora/object/Islandora%3A2752

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